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Cited by 109Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation StudiesDementia and Cognitive Impairment ResearchAlzheimer's disease research and treatments

Accelerated intermittent Theta-burst stimulation broadly ameliorates symptoms and cognition in Alzheimer’s disease: a randomized controlled trial

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Wu, Xingqi, Ji, Gong-Jun, Geng, Zhi, Wang, Lu, Yan, Yibing, Wu, Yue, Xiao, Guixian, Gao, Liying +5 more·2022·Brain Stimulation
DOI 10.1016/j.brs.2021.11.007
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Abstract

BACKGROUND: Deficits in associative memory (AM) are the earliest and most prominent feature of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and demonstrate a clear cause of distress for patients and their families. OBJECTIVE: The present study aimed to determine AM enhancements following accelerated intermittent theta-burst stimulation (iTBS) in patients with AD. METHODS: In a randomized, double-blind, sham-controlled design, iTBS was administered to the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) of patients with AD for 14 days. Measurements included AM (primary outcome) and a comprehensive neuropsychological battery. Patients were evaluated at baseline, following the intervention (week 2), and 8 weeks after treatment cessation (week 10). RESULTS: Sixty patients with AD were initially enrolled; 47 completed the trial. The active group displayed greater AM improvements compared with the sham group at week 2 (P = 0.003), which was sustained at week 10. Furthermore, higher Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) scores at baseline were associated with greater AM improvements at weeks 2 and 10. For the independent iTBS group, this correlation predicted improvements in AM (P < 0.001) and identified treatment responders with 92% accuracy. Most of the neuropsychological tests were markedly improved in the active group. In particular, the Montreal Cognitive Assessment and MMSE in the active group increased by 2.8 and 2.3 points, respectively, at week 2, while there was no marked change in the sham group. CONCLUSION: In the present study, accelerated iTBS of the DLPFC demonstrated an effective and well-tolerated complementary treatment for patients with AD, especially for individuals with relatively high MMSE scores.

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  • One randomized, double-blind, sham-controlled iTBS trial in mild to moderate AD dementia found improved associative memory and global cognition after 14 days of 3 stimulation sessions each at 70% rMT (25,200 total pulses).

    “one randomized, double-blind, sham-controlled iTBS trial conducted in mild to moderate AD dementia found improved associative memory and global cognition after 14 days of 3 stimulation sessions each at 70% rMT (25,200 total pulses) [27].”

    From A phase I trial of accelerated intermittent theta burst rTMS for amnestic MCI (2024) · cites this paper as [27]

    The Methods describe a randomized, double-blind, sham-controlled 14-day iTBS trial in patients with AD, and the Results report improved associative memory and global-cognition scores at week 2. The participant criteria (Methods, §2.3) are consistent with mild to moderate dementia. The passages retrieved from the intervention section do not establish three sessions per day, 70% rMT, or 25,200 total pulses, so those protocol details remain unsupported by the available passages. (LLM, conf=0.86)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

  • The study provides evidence of target engagement in the form of improved cognition following treatment.

    “we provide evidence of target engagement in the form of improved cognition following treatment.”

    From A phase I trial of accelerated intermittent theta burst rTMS for amnestic MCI (2024) · cites this paper as [27]

  • There is preliminary evidence of sustained improvements in randomized controlled trials of accelerated iTBS (at 8-weeks for cognition in AD and 5-weeks for treatment-refractory depression).

    “there is preliminary evidence of sustained improvements in randomized controlled trials of accelerated iTBS (e.g., at 8-weeks for cognition in AD [27] and 5-weeks for treatment-refractory depression [20])”

    From A phase I trial of accelerated intermittent theta burst rTMS for amnestic MCI (2024) · cites this paper as [27]

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Authors
Wu, X., Ji, G.-J., Geng, Z., Wang, L., Yan, Y., Wu, Y., Xiao, G., Gao, L., Wei, Q., Zhou, S., Wei, L., Tian, Y., & Wang, K.
Affiliations
Anhui Medical University (CN)
Corresponding author
  • Wei, Ling
  • Tian, Yanghua
  • Wang, Kai
ORCID
Venue
Brain Stimulation
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2022-01
Volume
15
Issue
1
Pages
35-45
ISSN
  • 1876-4754 (ISSN-L)
  • 1935-861X
DOI
10.1016/j.brs.2021.11.007
OpenAlex
W3213985241
Cited by
109
References
87
Citations by year
2026: 22 · 2025: 35 · 2024: 27 · 2023: 21 · 2022: 4
FWCI
5.23
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Brain stimulation (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
Funders
  • Anhui Medical University (2021kj19)
  • National Key Research and Development Program of China (2016YFC1305904, 2016YFC1306400, 2018YFC1314504)
  • National Natural Science Foundation of China (31970979, 32071054, 81601187, 81971689, 82090034, 82101498)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Studies
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
Keywords
Alzheimer's disease, intermittent theta burst stimulation, non-invasive brain stimulation, associative memory, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, cognitive impairment, treatment response prediction, Mini-Mental State Examination, Montreal Cognitive Assessment, neuropsychological outcomes
MeSH terms
Alzheimer Disease, Cognition, Double-Blind Method, Humans, Treatment Outcome, Prefrontal Cortex, Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation

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