Preparation and characterization of cellulose nanowhiskers from cotton fibres by controlled microbial hydrolysis
Abstract
The cellulolytic fungus Trichoderma reesei was used to prepare cellulose nanowhiskers (CNW) by controlled hydrolysis of microcrystalline cellulose (MCC). The penetration of fungus into the ordered regions of MCC resulted in reduction (10%) of its crystallinity. The zeta potential of fungal hydrolyzed CNW was similar to that of native MCC while that of CNW prepared by acid hydrolysis was five times higher due to its surface sulfation. Also, fungal hydrolyzed CNW resulted in monodomain structure under polarized light microscopy (PLM) while it was polydomain for that of acid hydrolyzed CNW. Atomic force microscopic (AFM) analysis confirmed the preferential orientation (anisotropy) of CNW on drying. Preparation of CNW by concentrated sulfuric acid hydrolysis process is energy intensive, environmentally hazardous and the surface of CNW is chemically modified (sulfated). But fungal hydrolysis resulted in CNW without any surface modification and such nanostructures show promise for applications in eco-friendly composites and pharmaceuticals.
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Acid hydrolysis is corrosive, modifies the cellulose surface, and produces chemical waste.
“However, acid hydrolysis is corrosive, modifies the cellulose surface, and produces chemical waste (Satyamurthy et al., 2011).”
From Cellulose nanofibers produced from banana peel by chemical and enzymatic treatment (2014) · cites this paper as Satyamurthy et al., 2011
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References 42 · Cited by 277
- Authors
- Satyamurthy, P., Jain, P., Balasubramanya, R. H., & Vigneshwaran, N.
- Affiliations
- ICAR - Central Institute for Research on Cotton Technology (IN)
- Corresponding author
- Vigneshwaran, Nadanathangam
- Venue
- Carbohydrate Polymers
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2011-01
- Volume
- 83
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 122-129
- ISSN
- 0144-8617 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2036237295
- Cited by
- 277
- References
- 42
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 13 · 2024: 17 · 2023: 16 · 2022: 25 · 2021: 21 · 2020: 24 · 2019: 27 · 2018: 24 · 2017: 23 · 2016: 18 · 2015: 16 · 2014: 13 · 2013: 16 · 2012: 11
- FWCI
- 4.49
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Carbohydrate Polymers (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Biomaterials › Advanced Cellulose Research Studies
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Polysaccharides and Plant Cell Walls
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Biofuel production and bioconversion
- Keywords
- cellulose nanocrystals, cotton fiber, Trichoderma reesei, fungal hydrolysis, microcrystalline cellulose, cellulose crystallinity, acid hydrolysis, sulfuric acid hydrolysis, zeta potential, crystallographic texture, cellulose nanocomposites
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