The DOI matches its Crossref record; 73 of the 73 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Association Between Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Risk for Hepatocellular Cancer, Based on Systematic Review
Open accessAbstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has been implicated as a cause of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We performed a systematic review of epidemiology studies to confirm the association between these disorders. METHODS: We searched PubMed for original reports published from January 1992 to December 2011 that evaluated the association between NAFLD, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), cryptogenic cirrhosis presumed to be NASH-related, and the risk of HCC. Studies were categorized as offering potential direct evidence (eg, cohort studies) or indirect evidence (eg, case-control, cross-sectional, or case-series studies) for an association. We analyzed data from a total of 17 cohort studies (3 population based, 9 clinic based [6 limited to patients with cirrhosis], and 5 natural history), 18 case-control and cross-sectional studies, and 26 case series. RESULTS: NAFLD or NASH cohorts with few or no cases of cirrhosis cases had a minimal risk for HCC (cumulative HCC mortality of 0%-3% for study periods up to 20 y). Cohorts with NASH and cirrhosis had a consistently higher risk (cumulative incidence ranging from 2.4% over 7 y to 12.8% over 3 y). However, the risk for HCC was substantially lower in these cohorts than for cohorts with hepatitis C-related cirrhosis. Factors that increased risk among cohorts with NASH and cirrhosis could not be determined, because most studies were not sufficiently powered for multivariate analysis. CONCLUSIONS: This systematic review shows that despite several limitations, there is epidemiologic evidence to support an association between NAFLD or NASH and an increased risk of HCC; risk seems to be limited to individuals with cirrhosis.
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“A systematic review and a metaanalysis concluded that the risk estimate is likely too low to justify routine screening in MASLD without evidence of advanced fi brosis. 241”
From EASL-EASD-EASO Clinical Practice Guidelines on the management of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). (2024) · cites this paper as [241]
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“the HCC incidence in individuals without cirrhosis is very low, ranging from 0.08 to 0.63 per 1,000 PY. 240 -244”
From EASL-EASD-EASO Clinical Practice Guidelines on the management of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). (2024) · cites this paper as [241]
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Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses: the PRISMA statement
Moher, D., Liberati, A., Tetzlaff, J., Altman, D. G., & for the PRISMA Group (2009) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.b2535 · Cited by 83,823
Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: the PRISMA Statement.
(2009) · PubMed Central · Cited by 44,859
Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: The PRISMA statement
Moher, D., Liberati, A., Tetzlaff, J., Altman, D. G., & the PRISMA Group* (2009) · Annals of Internal Medicine · doi:10.7326/0003-4819-151-4-200908180-00135 · Cited by 37,554
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a spectrum of clinical and pathological severity.
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The Natural History of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Population-Based Cohort Study
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Thomas, A. C., & Campbell, J. H. (2000) · Cited by 2,800
Long-term follow-up of patients with NAFLD and elevated liver enzymes
Ekstedt, M., Franzén, L. E., Mathiesen, U. L., Thorelius, L., Holmqvist, M., Bodemar, G., & Kechagias, S. (2006) · Hepatology · doi:10.1002/hep.21327 · Cited by 2,302
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Cited by
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Marrero, J. A., Kulik, L., Sirlin, C. B., Zhu, A. X., Finn, R. S., Abecassis, M. M., Roberts, L. R., & Heimbach, J. K. (2018) · Hepatology · doi:10.1002/hep.29913 · Cited by 4,597
Estes, C., Razavi, H. A., Loomba, R. S., Younossi, Z. M., & Sanyal, A. J. (2017) · Hepatology · doi:10.1002/hep.29466 · Cited by 2,496
Tacke, F., Horn, P., Wai-Sun Wong, V., Ratziu, V., Bugianesi, E., Francque, S., Zelber-Sagi, S., Valenti, L., Roden, M., Schick, F., et al. (2024) · Journal of Hepatology · doi:10.1016/j.jhep.2024.04.031 · Cited by 2,210
(1977) · Annals of Internal Medicine · doi:10.7326/0003-4819-87-5-642_1 · Cited by 2,087
Global epidemiology of NAFLD-related HCC: trends, predictions, risk factors and prevention
Huang, D. Q., El-Serag, H. B., & Loomba, R. (2021) · Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology · doi:10.1038/s41575-020-00381-6 · Cited by 1,855
Metadata
- Authors
- White, D. L., Kanwal, F., & El–Serag, H. B.
- Affiliations
- Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center (US)
- Corresponding author
- White, Donna L.
- Venue
- Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2012-12
- Volume
- 10
- Issue
- 12
- Pages
- 1342-1359.e2
- ISSN
- 1542-3565 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC3501546
- OpenAlex
- W1975567145
- Cited by
- 766
- References
- 73
- Citations by year
- 2026: 16 · 2025: 26 · 2024: 39 · 2023: 49 · 2022: 61 · 2021: 71 · 2020: 68 · 2019: 64 · 2018: 76 · 2017: 73 · 2016: 54 · 2015: 58 · 2014: 54 · 2013: 56
- FWCI
- 6.70
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Locations
- Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (HFP90-020, DK56338)
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (DK56338, K24DK078154, K24 DK081736-01, K01 DK078154-03, K01DK081736, P30DK056338)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Hepatology › Liver Disease Diagnosis and Treatment
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Hepatology › Hepatocellular Carcinoma Treatment and Prognosis
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pathology and Forensic Medicine › Alcohol Consumption and Health Effects
- Keywords
- non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, hepatocellular carcinoma, liver cirrhosis, cryptogenic cirrhosis, cancer risk, HCC mortality
- MeSH terms
- Fatty Liver, Humans, Liver Neoplasms, Risk Assessment, Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
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