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Association Between Sex Hormones and Colorectal Cancer Risk in Men and Women
Open accessAbstract
Background & Aims There is observational and clinical evidence that indicate that sex hormones affect development of colorectal cancer (CRC) in men and women. However, the relationship between endogenous sex hormone levels and CRC is unclear. Methods We collected data on lifestyle, medical history, and diet etc. (through 2008), along with blood samples, from the Nurses’ Health Study, the Women’s Health Study, the Health Professional Follow-Up Study, and the Physicians’ Health Study II. We measured plasma levels of estrone, estradiol, testosterone, sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG), and c-peptide among 730 women (293 cases of CRC and 437 healthy individuals, as controls) and 1158 men (439 CRC cases and 719 controls), and used unconditional logistic regression to estimate relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). All statistical tests were 2-sided. Results Total testosterone, SHBG, and the ratio of estradiol to testosterone were associated with CRC in men after adjustments for matching and risk factors for CRC, including BMI and plasma levels of C-peptide. The RRs in the highest relative to the lowest quartile were 0.62 for testosterone (95% CI, 0.40–0.96), 0.65 for SHBG (95% CI, 0.42−0.99), and 2.63 for the ratio (95% CI, 1.58–4.36) (P-values for trend ≤0.02). However, in women, only the ratio of estradiol to testosterone was (inversely) associated with CRC after adjustments for all factors (RR, 0.43; 95% CI, 0.22−0.84; P-value for trend, .03). Conclusions Based on combined data from 4 population studies, there appears to be an association between levels of sex hormones and CRC risk in men. There also appears to be an inverse association between the ratio of estradiol to testosterone and CRC in postmenopausal women.
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Writing Group for the Women's Health Initiative Investigators (2002) · JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association · doi:10.1001/jama.288.3.321 · Cited by 15,889
Siegel, R., Naishadham, D., & Jemal, A. (2012) · CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians · doi:10.3322/caac.20138 · Cited by 10,679
Metadata
- Authors
- Lin, J. H., Zhang, S. M., Rexrode, K. M., Manson, J. E., Chan, A. T., Wu, K., Tworoger, S. S., Hankinson, S. E., Fuchs, C., Gaziano, J. M., Buring, J. E., & Giovannucci, E.
- Venue
- Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2013-04
- Volume
- 11
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 419-424.e1
- ISSN
- 1542-3565 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2010025179
- Cited by
- 177
- References
- 2
- FWCI
- 2.98
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
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- Lin, J. H., Zhang, S. M., Rexrode, K. M., Manson, J. E., Chan, A. T., Wu, K., Tworoger, S. S., Hankinson, S. E., Fuchs, C., Gaziano, J. M., Buring, J. E., & Giovannucci, E. (2013). Association Between Sex Hormones and Colorectal Cancer Risk in Men and Women. Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cgh.2012.11.012
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