Cited by 1,122Child Abuse and TraumaChild Welfare and AdoptionChild Abuse and Related Trauma

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The economic burden of child maltreatment in the United States and implications for prevention

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Fang, Xiangming, Brown, Derek S., Florence, Curtis S., Mercy, James A.·2012·Child Abuse & Neglect

DOI 10.1016/j.chiabu.2011.10.006PMC PMC3776454

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Abstract

OBJECTIVES: To present new estimates of the average lifetime costs per child maltreatment victim and aggregate lifetime costs for all new child maltreatment cases incurred in 2008 using an incidence-based approach. METHODS: This study used the best available secondary data to develop cost per case estimates. For each cost category, the paper used attributable costs whenever possible. For those categories that attributable cost data were not available, costs were estimated as the product of incremental effect of child maltreatment on a specific outcome multiplied by the estimated cost associated with that outcome. The estimate of the aggregate lifetime cost of child maltreatment in 2008 was obtained by multiplying per-victim lifetime cost estimates by the estimated cases of new child maltreatment in 2008. RESULTS: The estimated average lifetime cost per victim of nonfatal child maltreatment is $210,012 in 2010 dollars, including $32,648 in childhood health care costs; $10,530 in adult medical costs; $144,360 in productivity losses; $7,728 in child welfare costs; $6,747 in criminal justice costs; and $7,999 in special education costs. The estimated average lifetime cost per death is $1,272,900, including $14,100 in medical costs and $1,258,800 in productivity losses. The total lifetime economic burden resulting from new cases of fatal and nonfatal child maltreatment in the United States in 2008 is approximately $124 billion. In sensitivity analysis, the total burden is estimated to be as large as $585 billion. CONCLUSIONS: Compared with other health problems, the burden of child maltreatment is substantial, indicating the importance of prevention efforts to address the high prevalence of child maltreatment.

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Authors: Fang, X., Brown, D. S., Florence, C. S., & Mercy, J. A.
Affiliations: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (US)
RTI International (US)
Corresponding author: Fang, Xiangming
ORCID: Fang, Xiangming
Brown, Derek S.
Florence, Curtis S.
Mercy, James A.
Venue: Child Abuse & Neglect
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2012-02
Volume: 36
Issue: 2
Pages: 156-165
ISSN: 0145-2134 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2011.10.006
PMC: PMC3776454
OpenAlex: W2167783241
Cited by: 1,122
References: 62
Citations by year: 2026: 30 · 2025: 41 · 2024: 47 · 2023: 65 · 2022: 95 · 2021: 75 · 2020: 111 · 2019: 91 · 2018: 111 · 2017: 112 · 2016: 101 · 2015: 100 · 2014: 69 · 2013: 52 · 2012: 16
FWCI: 86.20
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: hybrid
doi.org
Licence: cc-by-nc-nd
www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
www.elsevier.com/legal/tdmrep-license (tdm)
creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/ (vor, 531 d)
Locations: Child Abuse & Neglect (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (200-2008-M-28149)
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child Abuse and Trauma
Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Child Welfare and Adoption
Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Child Abuse and Related Trauma
Keywords: child abuse, economic burden, lifetime costs, child abuse prevention, productivity loss, criminal justice costs, special education costs, cost estimation
MeSH terms: Adolescent, Adult, Child, Child Abuse, Child, Preschool, Costs and Cost Analysis, Female, Humans, Infant, Male, Middle Aged, United States, Health Care Costs, Young Adult

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The economic burden of child maltreatment in the United States and implications for prevention

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