Surface modification of zirconia with polydopamine to enhance fibroblast response and decrease bacterial activity in vitro : A potential technique for soft tissue engineering applications
Abstract
The quality of soft-tissue integration plays an important role in the short- and long-term success of dental implants. The aim of the present study was to provide a surface modification approach for zirconia implant abutment materials and to evaluate its influence on fibroblast behavior and oral bacteria adhesion, which are the two main factors influencing the quality of peri-implant soft-tissue seal. In this study, polydopamine (PDA)-coated zirconia was prepared and the surface characteristics were evaluated using scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, a contact-angle-measuring device, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and Raman spectroscopy. The responses of human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs) to PDA-coated zirconia; i.e., adhesion, proliferation, morphology, protein synthesis, and gene expression, were analyzed. Additionally, the adhesion of Streptococcus gordonii and Streptococcus mutans to zirconia after PDA coating was assessed by scanning electron microscopy and live/dead staining. The material surface analyses suggested the successful coating of PDA onto the zirconia surface. The PDA coating significantly increased cell adhesion and proliferation compared with pristine zirconia. HGFs exhibited a high degree of spreading and secreted a high level of collagen type I on PDA-modified disks. Upregulation of integrin α5, β1, β3 and fibronectin was noted in HGFs cultured on PDA-coated zirconia. The number of adherent bacteria decreased significantly on zirconia…
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A PDA coating on the abutment surface can functionally mimic the basement membrane surrounding natural teeth, thereby creating a favorable adhesion interface for gingival fibroblasts and epithelial cells.
“A PDA coating on the abutment surface can functionally mimic the basement membrane surrounding natural teeth, thereby creating a favorable adhesion interface for gingival fibroblasts and epithelial cells.47”
From Polydopamine-Based Biomaterials in Oral Medicine: Applications, Mechanisms, and Translational Challenges (2026) · cites this paper as [47]
In vitro mineralization, bonding tests, cell culture, and short-term animal studies suggest that PDA can promote hydroxyapatite nucleation, dentin sealing, cell adhesion, osteogenic differentiation, osseointegration, and surface biofunctionalization.
“In vitro mineralization, bonding tests, cell culture, and short-term animal studies suggest that PDA can promote hydroxyapatite nucleation, dentin sealing, cell adhesion, osteogenic differentiation, osseointegration, and surface biofunctionalization.”
From Polydopamine-Based Biomaterials in Oral Medicine: Applications, Mechanisms, and Translational Challenges (2026) · cites this paper as [47]
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References 52 · Cited by 113
- Authors
- Liu, M., Zhou, J., Yang, Y., Zheng, M., Yang, J., & Tan, J.
- Affiliations
- Peking University (CN)
- Qingdao University (CN)
- Corresponding author
- Tan, Jianguo
- Venue
- Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2015-12
- Volume
- 136
- Pages
- 74-83
- ISSN
- 0927-7765 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W806028833
- Cited by
- 113
- References
- 52
- Citations by year
- 2026: 8 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 16 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 15 · 2020: 14 · 2019: 13 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 5
- FWCI
- 6.46
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Colloids and Surfaces B Biointerfaces (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Natural Science Foundation of China (81200807)
- Peking University School of Stomatology (YS020212)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Dentistry › Oral Surgery › Dental Implant Techniques and Outcomes
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Surfaces, Coatings and Films › Polymer Surface Interaction Studies
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Bone Tissue Engineering Materials
- Keywords
- zirconia, polydopamine coating, surface modification, implant abutments, gingival fibroblasts, cell adhesion, cell proliferation, type I collagen, integrins, fibronectin, bacterial adhesion, Streptococcus gordonii, Streptococcus mutans, peri-implant soft tissue, soft tissue integration
- MeSH terms
- Bacterial Adhesion, Fibroblasts, Gingiva, Humans, Indoles, Microscopy, Electron, Scanning, Polymers, Spectrum Analysis, Raman, Staphylococcus, Surface Properties, Zirconium, Tissue Engineering, Photoelectron Spectroscopy
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