Sludge biochar as a green additive in cement-based composites: Mechanical properties and hydration kinetics

Ash-related issues during biomass combustion: Alkali-induced slagging, silicate melt-induced slagging (ash fusion), agglomeration, corrosion, ash utilization, and related countermeasures

Niu, Y., Tan, H., & Hui, S. (2016) · Progress in Energy and Combustion Science · doi:10.1016/j.pecs.2015.09.003 · Cited by 1,069

Effects and mechanisms of biochar-microbe interactions in soil improvement and pollution remediation: A review

Zhu, X., Chen, B., Zhu, L., & Xing, B. (2017) · Environmental Pollution · doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2017.04.032 · Cited by 1,021

Use of biochar as carbon sequestering additive in cement mortar

Gupta, S., Kua, H. W., & Low, C. Y. (2017) · Cement and Concrete Composites · doi:10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2017.12.009 · Cited by 550

A review of biochar-based catalysts for chemical synthesis, biofuel production, and pollution control

Xiong, X., Yu, I. K. M., Cao, L., Tsang, D. C. W., Zhang, S., & Ok, Y. S. (2017) · Bioresource Technology · doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2017.06.163 · Cited by 532

Sewage sludge-based adsorbents: A review of their production, properties and use in water treatment applications

Smith, K. M., Fowler, G. D., Pullket, S., & Graham, N. J. D. (2009) · Water Research · doi:10.1016/j.watres.2009.02.038 · Cited by 517

Hydration products of C3A, C3S and Portland cement in the presence of CaCO3

Kakali, G., Tsivilis, S. G., Aggeli, E., & Bati, M. (2000) · Cement and Concrete Research · doi:10.1016/s0008-8846(00)00292-1 · Cited by 489

Biochar : potential for countering land degradation and for improving agriculture

Barrow, C. J. (2012) · Applied Geography · doi:10.1016/j.apgeog.2011.09.008 · Cited by 441

Application of biochar from food and wood waste as green admixture for cement mortar

Gupta, S., Kua, H. W., & Koh, H. J. (2017) · The Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.11.044 · Cited by 432

Microstructural densification and CO2 uptake promoted by the carbonation curing of belite-rich Portland cement

Jang, J. G., & Lee, H. K. (2016) · Cement and Concrete Research · doi:10.1016/j.cemconres.2016.01.001 · Cited by 411

Insight into biochar properties and its cost analysis

Ahmed, M. B., Zhou, J. L., Ngo, H. H., & Guo, W. (2015) · Biomass and Bioenergy · doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2015.11.002 · Cited by 393

Characteristics of Biochar based on its Carbonization Degree

Ruziev, J., Lee, J.-Y., Lee, S.-J., & Kim, W. (2023) · Journal of the Korean Society for Advanced Composite Structures · doi:10.11004/kosacs.2023.14.6.010 · Cited by 2

Experimental Investigation of the Self-Healing Potential of Bacteria for Sustainable Concrete Structures

Asvapathanagul, P., Galano, S., Calabrese, A., Rahmani, M., Ly, M., Flores, D., Hernandez, M., & Banuelos, N. (2023) · doi:10.31979/mti.2023.2239 · Cited by 2

Use of hazardous barium slag as a supplementary cementitious material in calcium aluminate cement: Evolution of engineering properties and microstructure

Dong, C., Duan, Z., Li, J.-S., Chen, X., Zhang, W., Cao, H., & Wang, N. (2025) · Case Studies in Construction Materials · doi:10.1016/j.cscm.2025.e04304 · Cited by 1

Biochar-cementitious materials: Performance, carbon absorption and application

Sun, H., Qing, L., Zhang, Z., & Liu, W. (2025) · Journal of Building Engineering · doi:10.1016/j.jobe.2025.113264 · Cited by 1

Material characterization of waste plastic pyrolysis char (WPPC) and its applicability evaluation in mortar

Youn, H., Kim, G.-Y., Choi, B., Ji, S., Pyo, Y., & Nam, J. (2025) · Journal of Materials Research and Technology · doi:10.1016/j.jmrt.2025.12.075 · Cited by 2

Mechanical behavior and damage failure of biochar-modified solidified dredged sediment

Ding, Q., Ning, H., Chen, X., Li, J., Wang, J., Sun, C., & Wang, K. (2025) · Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering · doi:10.1016/j.jrmge.2025.12.002 · Cited by 1

Stabilization/Solidification of As-Contaminated Soil by using Fe–Mn Modified Biochar as a Green Additive

Zhang, W., Qin, X., & Li, X. (2026) · Water Air & Soil Pollution · doi:10.1007/s11270-026-09248-z · Cited by 1

Mechanical and microstructural improvements in expansive soils treated with nano-modified biochar

Khan, S. Z., Rehman, Z. U., Khan, A. H., & Sultan, T. (2026) · Road Materials and Pavement Design · doi:10.1080/14680629.2026.2659802 · Cited by 1

Investigation of Portland limestone cement blended with biochar from downdraft gasification: Hydration kinetics, microstructure, rheology, and performance mechanisms

Ewuzie, U., Ani, P. C., Yusuf, A. O., Smith, J. D., & Okoronkwo, M. U. (2026) · Construction and Building Materials · doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2026.146426 · Cited by 1

Valorization of coal gasification slag via Fischer-Tropsch tail gas driven calcination: Hydration mechanisms, life cycle sustainability and heavy metal leaching assessment of composite cement

Gu, X., Hu, Z., Ge, X., Wang, S., Wang, X., Hu, Z., Yang, B., Liu, J., & Wang, H. (2026) · Environmental Research · doi:10.1016/j.envres.2026.124780 · Cited by 1

Collaborative pollution and carbon reduction behaviors of carbonated Pb-contaminated soil stabilized with a low-carbon binder derived from waste concrete

Mu, F., Ji, Z., Lang, L., Ma, Z., Zhang, W., Zhang, Z., & Li, J. (2024) · Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering · doi:10.1016/j.jrmge.2024.07.008 · Cited by 1

Coupling effect of binary sludge thermal treatment products on the workability and hydration process in the Portland cement system

Sun, C., Chen, X., Yi, F., Ye, X., & Li, J. (2025) · Journal of Building Engineering · doi:10.1016/j.jobe.2025.113294 · Cited by 1

Replacement of biochar from waste for cement: mechanisms and eco-benefitsPreprint

Wang, Z., Chen, M., Fang, H., Peng, J., Huang, Q., Li, P., He, X., Yan, T., Zhang, C., Patil, A. J., et al. (2022) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-1693640/v1 · Cited by 1

Self-Compensating Geopolymer Utilizing Nano-Clay and Chopped Basalt FiberPreprint

Li, J., Si, J., Luo, F., Zuo, C., Zhang, P., Sun, Y., Li, W., & Miao, S. (2022) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.4186642

Waste-to-Resources: Exploratory Investigation of Sludge Biochar after Adsorption of Heavy Metals for Cement Mortar ProductionPreprint

Yu, S. G., Xu, H., Wen, H. J., Qian, F., Zhao, K. L., & Huang, Q. (2024) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.4863113

High-volume biochar-blended cement

Chen, L., & Tsang, D. C. W. (2024) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-443-13498-2.00014-6

Compressive behaviour and mechanisms of supersulfated cement enhanced by biochar

Kang, Z., Li, N., Yang, Y., & Li, T. (2025) · Composite Structures · doi:10.1016/j.compstruct.2025.119127

Recycling of biochar as construction materials

Ye, P., Guo, B., Liu, Y., Qin, H., Gao, P., Zhan, B., & Yu, Q. (2025) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-443-27342-1.00018-x

Optimizing Mortar Performance Through Moisture Correction of Black Liquor Residue-Derived Activated Lignin Carbon as a High Carbon Cement ExtenderPreprint

Aday, A. N., Rodriguez, F. B., Odukomeiya, W., Himmel, M. E., Chen, X., Kevern, J. T., & Griffin, M. B. (2025) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.5526751

Carbon capture ability of biochar-based cement composites

Niu, R., & Liu, J. (2026) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-443-22037-1.00019-7

Carbonate-functionalized biochar: Transforming self-captured CO2 into mortar innovation

Sultana, R., Zhang, S., & Poon, C. S. (2026) · Cement and Concrete Composites · doi:10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2026.106504

Rice straw biochar–enhanced carbonation sequestration in recycled concrete: Influence of pyrolysis temperature and carbonation pressure

Ying, X., Zhao, J., Ye, M., Li, X., Chen, J., Xu, Z., & Zhao, X. (2026) · Case Studies in Construction Materials · doi:10.1016/j.cscm.2026.e05846

Optimization of pyrolysis conditions for stubble waste-derived biochar in mortar: Enhancing mechanical performance, durability, and carbon sequestration

Rashid, S., Goyal, A., Roy, A. B. D., & Singh, M. (2026) · Journal of Environmental Management · doi:10.1016/j.jenvman.2026.129123

High-performance eco-concrete beams with calcined montmorillonite, metakaolin pyrolyzed coffee grounds, and hybrid fibers for enhanced bending strength and microstructural refinement

Hepautwa, A. A., Hilonga, A. H., Mrosso, R., Alfredy, T., Mwalusambo, G., Lesafi, F., & Jande, Y. A. C. (2026) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0334732

Characterization and Performance Evaluation of Biochar‐Modified Wellbore Cement Under Geological CO 2 Storage Conditions

Hakuzweyezu, T., Zhang, L., Gan, M., Wang, Y., & Alvi, I. H. (2026) · Greenhouse Gases Science and Technology · doi:10.1002/ghg.70032

Study on the properties and piezoresistive behavior of high-strength cementitious mortar by biochar dosage

Ni, Y., Chen, G., & Ba, M. (2026) · Journal of Building Engineering · doi:10.1016/j.jobe.2026.116430

Evaluation of Low-Temperature Performance and Environmental Sustainability of Alkali-Activated Binders for Winter ConstructionPreprint

Jin, Z., Liang, K., Mao, S., Hu, Y., & Ye, H. (2026) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.6898998

Biochar in cementitious materials: linking feedstock and production to structure, performance, and carbon sequestration

Gunn, P. F. E., Liu, Y., Liu, J., Gu, L., & Zhuge, Y. (2026) · Cleaner Materials · doi:10.1016/j.clema.2026.100417

Nano-Filler Sugarcane Bagasse Ash in Ultra-High-Performance Concrete: A Comprehensive Review of Performance, Mechanisms, and Sustainability

Mohamed, A. M., & Tayeh, B. A. (2026) · Journal of Sustainability Research · doi:10.20900/jsr20260057

Non-destructive monitoring of curing kinetics and internal curing effects in biochar-incorporated cement mortar via Time Domain Reflectometry (TDR)

Kang, S. B., Kim, N., Kim, S.-H., Seok, S., Hong, W.-T., & Choi, W. (2026) · Construction and Building Materials · doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2026.147368

Application of Biochar in Development of Carbon Negative Construction Materials: A Step Towards Sustainability

Kapoor, R. T., Rafatullah, M., & Vashisht, A. (2026) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-87501-4_20-1

Integration of biochar in cement: impact on cement hydration, microstructure, and mechanical propertiesPreprint

Mouhtadi, S., Winnefeld, F., Lura, P., & Wyrzykowski, M. (2026) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.7229301

Enhancing the hydration kinetics and mechanical properties of seawater-mixed cement by nano-alumina sol

Wang, L., Yang, M., Zhao, H., Lu, Z., Wang, H., Zeng, Y., & Jiang, J. (2026) · Construction and Building Materials · doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2026.147970

Coupled effects of treated wastewater and sewage sludge biochar on performance and resource efficiency of low-carbon cement mortar

Blouch, N., Hanif, M. F., Haider, M. F., Noor, S., Ansari, M., Amjad, A., Nawaz, M. S., & Local Government & Community Development, L. (2026) · AIMS Geosciences · doi:10.3934/geosci.2026036

Dual Role of Biochar in Low-Carbon Cement Composites: Performance Enhancement and Carbon Sequestration

Orynbassarov, I., Barissov, T., Kim, S., & Hu, J. (2026) · Infrastructures · doi:10.3390/infrastructures11100369

Experimental study on mechanical properties, microscopic mechanisms, and carbon sequestration evaluation of cement soil modified with bamboo biochar

Wu, H., Wang, W., Fu, J., Li, N., Yang, J., Wang, X., & Wu, E. (2026) · Case Studies in Construction Materials · doi:10.1016/j.cscm.2026.e06646

Synergistic Physical–Chemical Immobilization of Mn in Electrolytic Manganese Residue Co-Solidified with Sludge Biochar: Interfacial Speciation, Pore Evolution, and LCA

Huang, X., Jia, X., Zhao, X., Liu, S., Chen, X., Ye, C., Wang, H., Xue, F., Han, Z., & Xiang, Y. (2026) · Materials · doi:10.3390/ma19214451

Type of materials, pyrolysis conditions, carbon content and size dimensions: The parameters that influence the mechanical properties of biochar cement-based composites

Cosentino, I., Restuccia, L., Ferro, G. A., & Tulliani, J. (2019) · Theoretical and Applied Fracture Mechanics · doi:10.1016/j.tafmec.2019.102261 · Cited by 79

Biochar affects compressive strength of Portland cement composites: a meta-analysis

Zhao, Z., El‐Naggar, A., Kau, J., Olson, C., Tomlinson, D. G., & Chang, S. X. (2024) · Biochar · doi:10.1007/s42773-024-00309-2 · Cited by 84

Biochar Addition Affects the Performance of Portland Cement Composites: Meta-analysis and Laboratory Experiments

Zhao, Z. (2024) · ERA: Education and Research Archive (University of Alberta) · doi:10.7939/r3-md3a-pz07 · Cited by 1

Influence of pyrolysis parameters on the efficiency of the biochar as nanoparticles into cement-based composites

Cosentino, I., Restuccia, L., Ferro, G. A., & Tulliani, J. (2018) · Procedia Structural Integrity · doi:10.1016/j.prostr.2018.12.194 · Cited by 31

Effect of recycled natural water treatment sludge and biochar on the mechanical performance and hydration kinetics of Portland cement composite

Gomes, S. (2020) · UTS ePRESS (University of Technology Sydney) · Cited by 1