CoChat
Sign Up
Cited by 141Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive ProcessesIdentity, Memory, and TherapyBehavioral Health and Interventions

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 173 of the 176 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Dysregulation in level of goal and action identification across psychological disorders

Open access
Watkins, Edward·2011·Clinical Psychology Review
DOI 10.1016/j.cpr.2010.05.004PMC PMC3043255
Open this paper in CoChat — free accountOpen PDF

Abstract

Goals, events, and actions can be mentally represented within a hierarchical framework that ranges from more abstract to more concrete levels of identification. A more abstract level of identification involves general, superordinate, and decontextualized mental representations that convey the meaning of goals, events, and actions, "why" an action is performed, and its purpose, ends, and consequences. A more concrete level of identification involves specific and subordinate mental representations that include contextual details of goals, events, and actions, and the specific "how" details of an action. This review considers three lines of evidence for considering that dysregulation of level of goal/action identification may be a transdiagnostic process. First, there is evidence that different levels of identification have distinct functional consequences and that in non-clinical samples level of goal/action identification appears to be regulated in a flexible and adaptive way to match the level of goal/action identification to circumstances. Second, there is evidence that level of goal/action identification causally influences symptoms and processes involved in psychological disorders, including emotional response, repetitive thought, impulsivity, problem solving and procrastination. Third, there is evidence that the level of goal/action identification is biased and/or dysregulated in certain psychological disorders, with a bias towards more abstract identification for negative events in depression, GAD, PTSD, and social anxiety.

Overview

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1016/j.cpr.2010.05.004

Cites

173 of 173 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Verification

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Citations

Cites

1 retracted

Flagged first, then by citations

Show all 176 references

3 of the 176 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.

Research works printed but not linked: 2

  1. Martin, 1996, Some ruminative thoughts, Vol. 9, 1
  2. Wiers, R.W., Field, M., and Stacy, A.W. (in press). Passion's slave? Cognitive processes in alcohol and drug abuse. In K. Sher (Ed.) Oxford Handbook of Substance Use Disorders. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Items 101–141 of 141

Related

See all

Metadata

Authors
Watkins, E.
Affiliations
University of Exeter (GB)
Corresponding author
Watkins, Edward
ORCID
Watkins, Edward
Venue
Clinical Psychology Review
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2011-03
Volume
31
Issue
2
Pages
260-278
ISSN
0272-7358 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1016/j.cpr.2010.05.004
PMC
PMC3043255
OpenAlex
W2123153299
Cited by
141
References
176
Citations by year
2026: 4 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 13 · 2019: 13 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 13 · 2014: 12 · 2013: 11 · 2012: 13
FWCI
1.32
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Clinical Psychology Review (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Figshare (submittedVersion)
  • Open Research Exeter (University of Exeter) (submittedVersion)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Identity, Memory, and Therapy
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Behavioral Health and Interventions
Keywords
action identification, transdiagnostic mechanisms, mental illness, depression, generalized anxiety disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder, social anxiety, emotional responses, repetitive thinking, impulsivity, problem solving, procrastination, abstract versus concrete thinking
MeSH terms
Mental Disorders, Goals, Humans, Problem Solving, Psychological Theory

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review