Effects of locomotion extend throughout the mouse early visual system
Open accessAbstract
Background Neural responses in visual cortex depend not only on sensory input but also on behavioral context. One such context is locomotion, which modulates single-neuron activity in primary visual cortex (V1). How locomotion affects neuronal populations across cortical layers and in precortical structures is not well understood.Results We performed extracellular multielectrode recordings in the visual system of mice during locomotion and stationary periods. We found that locomotion influenced activity of V1 neurons with a characteristic laminar profile and shaped the population response by reducing pairwise correlations. Although the reduction of pairwise correlations was restricted to cortex, locomotion slightly but consistently increased firing rates and controlled tuning selectivity already in the dorsolateral geniculate nucleus (dLGN) of the thalamus. At the level of the eye, increases in locomotion speed were associated with pupil dilation.Conclusions These findings document further, nonmultiplicative effects of locomotion, reaching earlier processing stages than cortex.
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During running, the behavioral state is more homogeneous and likely corresponds to a high-arousal state compared to immobility, where the internal state is more variable and spontaneously fluctuating.
“These data indicate that during running, the behavioral state is more homogeneous (and likely corresponding to a high-arousal state34–36) compared to immobility, where the internal state is more variable and spontaneously fluctuating.”
From Place and behavioral modulation of hippocampal neurons during immobility (2026) · cites this paper as [36]
The onset of locomotion, as well as vestibular activation, are correlated with pupil dilations and brain state transitions.
“Indeed, the onset of locomotion, as well as vestibular activation, are correlated with pupil dilations and brain state transitions32,34,36.”
From Place and behavioral modulation of hippocampal neurons during immobility (2026) · cites this paper as [36]
Head-restrained preparations have shown that behavioral state fluctuations have a strong impact on neuronal gain and coding properties in primary sensory areas and modulate neuronal firing within brain-wide neuronal networks.
“By employing head-restrained preparations, a growing body of work has demonstrated that behavioral state fluctuations have a strong impact on neuronal gain and coding properties in primary sensory areas36,43,66–70 and modulate neuronal firing within brain-wide neuronal networks44,71–74.”
From Place and behavioral modulation of hippocampal neurons during immobility (2026) · cites this paper as [36]
Locomotion increases response amplitude and decreases response variability in V1.
“Locomotion increases response amplitude and decreases response variability in V1 (Figure 5) (Erisken et al., 2014)”
From Waking state: rapid variations modulate neural and behavioral responses (2015) · cites this paper as Erisken et al., 2014
Within wakefulness, noise correlations are lower during locomotion than quiescence.
“Within wakefulness, noise correlations are lower during locomotion than quiescence (Figure 6B) (Erisken et al., 2014; Vinck et al., 2015).”
From Waking state: rapid variations modulate neural and behavioral responses (2015) · cites this paper as Erisken et al., 2014
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References 48 · Cited by 256
- Authors
- Erisken, S., Vaiceliunaite, A., Jurjut, O., Fiorini, M., Katzner, S., & Busse, L.
- Affiliations
- University of Tübingen (DE)
- Corresponding author
- Busse, Laura
- Venue
- Current Biology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2014-12
- Volume
- 24
- Issue
- 24
- Pages
- 2899-2907
- ISSN
- 0960-9822 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2073472689
- Cited by
- 256
- References
- 48
- Citations by year
- 2026: 18 · 2025: 23 · 2024: 31 · 2023: 39 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 19 · 2020: 26 · 2019: 21 · 2018: 28 · 2017: 13 · 2016: 16 · 2015: 9
- FWCI
- 7.06
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Current Biology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Visual perception and processing mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural dynamics and brain function
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Multisensory perception and integration
- Keywords
- locomotion, primary visual cortex, visual system, two-particle correlations, dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus, thalamus, pupil dilation, locomotion speed, behavioral context, mouse visual cortex
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Female, Geniculate Bodies, Locomotion, Male, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Neurons, Physical Conditioning, Animal, Visual Cortex, Mice
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