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Cited by 270Animal Virus Infections StudiesMicrobial infections and disease researchSARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research

Bovine Respiratory Coronavirus

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Saif, Linda J.·2010·Veterinary Clinics of North America: Food Animal Practice
DOI 10.1016/j.cvfa.2010.04.005PMC PMC4094360
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Abstract

Bovine coronaviruses (BCoVs) cause respiratory and enteric infections in cattle and wild ruminants. BCoV is a pneumoenteric virus that infects the upper and lower respiratory tract and intestine. It is shed in feces and nasal secretions and also infects the lung. BCoV is the cause of 3 distinct clinical syndromes in cattle: (1) calf diarrhea, (2) winter dysentery with hemorrhagic diarrhea in adults, and (3) respiratory infections in cattle of various ages including the bovine respiratory disease complex or shipping fever of feedlot cattle. No consistent antigenic or genetic markers have been identified to discriminate BCoVs from the different clinical syndromes. At present, there are no BCoV vaccines to prevent respiratory BCoV infections in cattle, and the correlates of immunity to respiratory BCoV infections are unknown. This article focuses on respiratory BCoV infections including viral characteristics; epidemiology and interspecies transmission; diagnosis, pathogenesis, and clinical signs; and immunity and vaccines.

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  • The detection rate of bovine coronavirus (BCV) in lung tissue during necropsy was typically low.

    “In terms of BRD pathogens, the detection rate of bovine coronavirus (BCV) in lung tissue during necropsy was typically low, suggesting BCV may act more as a predisposing factor for secondary lung infections rather than as a primary respiratory pathogen [117,130].”

    From Strategies for Bovine Respiratory Disease (BRD) Diagnosis and Prognosis: A Comprehensive Overview (2024) · cites this paper as [130]

    The Pathogenesis and clinical signs section reports that most of 26 cattle that died of pneumonia had high titers of BCoV in their lungs. The feedlot epidemiology section likewise reports BCoV infection in 25 of 26 cattle that died. These findings run contrary to the attributed claim that detection in lung tissue at necropsy was typically low; the copy provides no page numbers for these passages. (LLM, conf=0.82)

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  • BCV may act more as a predisposing factor for secondary lung infections rather than as a primary respiratory pathogen.

    “In terms of BRD pathogens, the detection rate of bovine coronavirus (BCV) in lung tissue during necropsy was typically low, suggesting BCV may act more as a predisposing factor for secondary lung infections rather than as a primary respiratory pathogen [117,130].”

    From Strategies for Bovine Respiratory Disease (BRD) Diagnosis and Prognosis: A Comprehensive Overview (2024) · cites this paper as [130]

    In “Cofactors that Exacerbate Respiratory BCoV Infections,” the paper describes viruses as predisposing factors that can allow bacteria to infect the lungs. But “Respiratory BCoV Pathogenesis in Feedlot Calves” also says BCoV can incite respiratory disease and reports high BCoV titres in the lungs of many fatal cases. It does not establish that lung detection at necropsy is typically low or that BCoV acts more as a predisposing factor than as a respiratory pathogen. (LLM, conf=0.84)

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References 75 · Cited by 270

Research works printed but not linked: 72

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Authors
Saif, L. J.
Affiliations
The Ohio State University (US)
Corresponding author
Saif, Linda J.
ORCID
Saif, Linda J.
Venue
Veterinary Clinics of North America: Food Animal Practice
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2010-07
Volume
26
Issue
2
Pages
349-364
ISSN
0749-0720 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1016/j.cvfa.2010.04.005
PMC
PMC4094360
OpenAlex
W2030541539
Cited by
270
References
75
Citations by year
2026: 27 · 2025: 22 · 2024: 38 · 2023: 19 · 2022: 20 · 2021: 36 · 2020: 43 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 9 · 2012: 8
FWCI
1.02
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Veterinary Clinics of North America Food Animal Practice (publishedVersion)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (R21AI062763)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Animal Science and Zoology › Animal Virus Infections Studies
  • Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Microbiology › Microbial infections and disease research
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
Keywords
bovine coronavirus, bovine respiratory disease, winter dysentery, calf diarrhea, gastrointestinal infections, respiratory infections, cattle, wild ruminants, virus properties, interspecies transmission, diagnosis, pathogenesis, clinical signs, immunity, vaccines
MeSH terms
Animals, Animals, Wild, Cattle, Cattle Diseases, Female, Male, Respiratory Tract Infections, Vaccination, Coronavirus, Bovine, Coronavirus Infections, Disease Transmission, Infectious, Bovine Respiratory Disease Complex

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