Societal correlates of diabetes prevalence: an analysis across 94 countries
Abstract
Aims To quantify relationships between societal-level factors and diabetes prevalence and identify potential policy responses.Methods Using data from International Diabetes Federation, World Health Organization, World Bank, and Food and Agricultural Organization, we extracted recent estimates for country-level variables: total caloric availability; sugar, animal fat, fruit and vegetable availability; physical inactivity markers (vehicles per capita and value-added from service sector); gross domestic product per capita (GDP); imports; and age-adjusted mortality rate. We used generalized linear models to investigate relationships between these factors and diabetes prevalence.Results Median global diabetes prevalence was 6.4% in 2010. Every additional percentage point of calories from sugar/sweeteners and from animal fats were associated with 5% (OR: 1.05, 95% CI 1.02-1.07) and 3% (OR: 1.03, 95% CI 0.99-1.06) higher diabetes prevalence, respectively, while each additional unit in fruit and vegetable availability was associated with 3% lower diabetes prevalence (OR: 0.97, 95% CI 0.93-0.99). One percent higher GDP from the service industry was associated with a 1% higher diabetes prevalence (OR: 1.01, 95% CI 0.99-1.02).Conclusion Macro-level societal factors are associated with diabetes prevalence. Investigating how these factors affect individual-level diabetes risk may offer further insight into policy-level interventions.
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Urbanization and aging populations were associated with diabetes prevalence, but these variables fell from significance as total food availability and obesity were incorporated into the model, suggesting that calorie consumption and obesity are among the pathways by which these other factors may contribute to diabetes.
“Similarly, variables capturing urbanization and aging populations were associated with diabetes prevalence; however these variables fell from significance as total food availability and obesity were incorporated into the model ( Table 1 ), suggesting that calorie consumption and obesity are among the pathways by which these other factors may contribute to diabetes, consistent with cross-sectional”
From The relationship of sugar to population-level diabetes prevalence: an econometric analysis of repeated cross-sectional data (2013) · cites this paper as [37]
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References 28 · Cited by 21
- Authors
- Siegel, K. R., Echouffo-Tcheugui, J. B., Ali, M. K., Mehta, N. K., Narayan, K. M., & Chetty, V.
- Affiliations
- Emory University (US)
- Boston University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Siegel, Karen R.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2012-04
- Volume
- 96
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 76-83
- ISSN
- 0168-8227 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2140597392
- Cited by
- 21
- References
- 28
- Citations by year
- 2023: 1 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 2 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 1 · 2014: 2 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 1.57
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet
- Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management › Global Public Health Policies and Epidemiology
- Keywords
- diabetes prevalence, social factors, sugar consumption, animal fat intake, fruit and vegetable availability, physical inactivity, gross domestic product, service sector, age-adjusted mortality, diabetes policy, cross-national comparison
- MeSH terms
- Energy Intake, Diabetes Mellitus, Fruit, Humans, Risk Factors, Vegetables, Global Health
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