Mechanisms of Glucocorticoid-Induced Insulin Resistance
Open accessAbstract
Glucocorticoids (GCs) are critical in the regulation of the stress response, inflammation and energy homeostasis. Excessive GC exposure results in whole-body insulin resistance, obesity, cardiovascular disease, and ultimately decreased survival, despite their potent anti-inflammatory effects. This apparent paradox may be explained by the complex actions of GCs on adipose tissue functionality. The wide prevalence of oral GC therapy makes their adverse systemic effects an important yet incompletely understood clinical problem. This article reviews the mechanisms by which supraphysiologic GC exposure promotes insulin resistance, focusing in particular on the effects on adipose tissue function and lipid metabolism.
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Steroids increase basal endogenous glucose production and lower insulin sensitivity.
“due to their effect of increasing basal endogenous glucose production and lowering insulin sensitivity.7–9”
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References 222 · Cited by 392
- Authors
- Geer, E. B., Islam, J., & Buettner, C.
- Affiliations
- Mount Sinai Hospital (US)
- Corresponding author
- Geer, Eliza B.
- Venue
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2014-03
- Volume
- 43
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 75-102
- ISSN
- 0889-8529 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC3942672
- OpenAlex
- W60077963
- Cited by
- 392
- References
- 222
- Citations by year
- 2026: 33 · 2025: 38 · 2024: 30 · 2023: 34 · 2022: 51 · 2021: 44 · 2020: 42 · 2019: 37 · 2018: 28 · 2017: 24 · 2016: 14 · 2015: 13 · 2014: 3 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 2.36
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Rutgers University Community Repository (Rutgers University) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (5r01aa023416-04)
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (R01-AA-023416)
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (K23DK082617, DK083658)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Adipose Tissue and Metabolism
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Estrogen and related hormone effects
- Keywords
- glucocorticoids, insulin resistance, adipose tissue function, lipid metabolism, obesity, cardiovascular disease, stress response, inflammation, energy homeostasis
- MeSH terms
- Adipose Tissue, Glucocorticoids, Humans, Insulin Resistance, Lipid Metabolism
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