Obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease risk: an uptodate in the management of polycystic ovary syndrome
Abstract
Background Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disorder in reproductive aged women and is characterized by two of the following three features: oligoovulation or anovulation, clinical and/or biochemical signs of hyperandrogenism, or polycystic ovaries.Summary It has been demonstrated that PCOS includes a complex number of systemic symptoms in addition to symptoms related to the reproductive apparatus. It has been associated with obesity, metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes and an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Several clinical and basic studies have investigated the link between PCOS and the cardiovascular disease risk, which seems to be due to blunted lipid/glucose metabolism, hypertension, and systemic inflammatory and coagulation disorders. Therefore, the current manuscript aims to review the main findings on PCOS and obesity/obesity-related disease (glucose derangements and cardiovascular disease risk factors).Key message Although there are no long-term data on the morbidity and mortality for cardiovascular disease in PCOS, it is advisable to perform a careful metabolic and cardiovascular assessment in women with PCOS in order to tailor the most suitable strategy to prevent cardiovascular disease.
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Lean PCOS women have increased LDL and total cholesterol compared with controls.
“Also, important risen low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and total cholesterol have been associated in lean PCOS women versus controls [1,30,55].”
From PCOS and nutritional approaches: Differences between lean and obese phenotype (2021) · cites this paper as [1]
The frequency of obese women with PCOS is greater than that of the general female population compared with their lean counterparts.
“The frequency of obese women with PCOS is greater than that of the general female population compared to their lean counterparts [1].”
From PCOS and nutritional approaches: Differences between lean and obese phenotype (2021) · cites this paper as [1]
Lean PCOS patients have increased plasma insulin 2 h after glucose administration compared with lean healthy participants.
“Several reports showed the different metabolic disturbances characteristics in PCOS patients, like increased plasma insulin levels 2 h after glucose administration to lean PCOS patients, correlated with the lean, healthy participants.”
From PCOS and nutritional approaches: Differences between lean and obese phenotype (2021) · cites this paper as [1]
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References 62 · Cited by 126
- Authors
- Orio, F., Muscogiuri, G., Nese, C., Palomba, S., Savastano, S., Tafuri, D., Colarieti, G., La Sala, G., Colao, A., & Yildiz, B. O.
- Affiliations
- Parthenope University of Naples (IT)
- University of Modena and Reggio Emilia (IT)
- Federico II University Hospital (IT)
- AOU San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d'Aragona (IT)
- Corresponding author
- Orio, Francesco
- ORCID
- Venue
- European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2016-12
- Volume
- 207
- Pages
- 214-219
- ISSN
- 0028-2243 (ISSN-L)
- 0301-2115
- OpenAlex
- W2509560275
- Cited by
- 126
- References
- 62
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 14 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 15 · 2020: 14 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 20 · 2017: 14 · 2016: 2
- FWCI
- 2.20
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- IRIS UNIMORE (University of Modena and Reggio Emilia) (submittedVersion)
- IRIS Research product catalog (Sapienza University of Rome) (submittedVersion)
- CINECA IRIS Institutial research information system (Parthenope University of Naples) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Reproductive Medicine › Ovarian function and disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiovascular Function and Risk Factors
- Keywords
- polycystic ovary syndrome, obesity, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular risk, metabolic syndrome, hyperandrogenism, lipid metabolism, glucose metabolism, hypertension, systemic inflammation, coagulopathy, cardiovascular risk assessment, cardiovascular disease prevention
- MeSH terms
- Healthy Lifestyle, Adult, Cardiovascular Diseases, Combined Modality Therapy, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Female, Humans, Insulin Resistance, Models, Biological, Polycystic Ovary Syndrome, Risk Factors, Weight Loss, Prevalence, Obesity, Abdominal
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