The DOI matches its Crossref record; 59 of the 59 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
The roles of free ammonia (FA) in biological wastewater treatment processes: A review
Open accessAbstract
Free ammonia (FA) can pose inhibitory and/or biocidal effects on a variety of microorganisms involved in different biological wastewater treatment process, which is widely presented in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) due to the high levels of ammonium in the systems. This review article gives the up-to-date status on several essential roles of FA in biological wastewater treatment processes: the impacts of FA, mechanisms of FA roles, modeling of FA impacts, and implications of FA for wastewater treatment. Specifically, the impacts of FA on both wastewater and sludge treatment lines were firstly summarized, including nitrification, denitrification, anaerobic ammonium oxidation (Anammox), enhanced biological phosphorus removal and anaerobic processes. The involved mechanisms were then analyzed, which indicated FA inhibition can slow specific microbial activities or even reconfigure the microbial community structure, likely due to negative impacts of FA on intracellular pH, specific enzymes and extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), thus causing cell inactivation/lysis. Mathematical models describing the impact of FA on both wastewater and sludge treatment processes were also explored to facilitate process optimization. Finally, the key implications of FA were identified, that is FA can be leveraged to substantially enhance the biodegradability of secondary sludge, which would further improve biological nutrient removal and enhance renewable energy production.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Wastewater engineering : treatment and reuse
Metcalf, & Eddy (2004) · McGraw-Hill eBooks · Cited by 9,028
Sheng, G.-P., Yu, H.-Q., & Li, X.-Y. (2010) · Biotechnology Advances · doi:10.1016/j.biotechadv.2010.08.001 · Cited by 3,113
Inhibition of nitrification by ammonia and nitrous acid.
Anthonisen, A. C., Loehr, R. C., Prakasam, T. B. S., & Srinath, E. G. (1976) · PubMed · Cited by 2,236
The IWA Anaerobic Digestion Model No 1 (ADM1)
Batstone, D. J., Keller, J., Angelidaki, I., Kalyuzhnyi, S. V., Pavlostathis, S. G., Rozzi, A., Sanders, W. T. M., Siegrist, H., & Vavilin, V. A. (2002) · Water Science and Technology · doi:10.2166/wst.2002.0292 · Cited by 2,233
Ammonia inhibition in anaerobic digestion: A review
Yenigün, O., & Demirel, B. (2013) · Process Biochemistry · doi:10.1016/j.procbio.2013.04.012 · Cited by 1,347
A critical review on inhibition of anaerobic digestion process by excess ammonia
Rajagopal, R., Massé, D. I., & Singh, G. (2013) · Bioresource Technology · doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2013.06.030 · Cited by 1,299
Kartal, B., Kuenen, J. G., & van Loosdrecht, M. C. M. (2010) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1185941 · Cited by 1,272
Anticipating the next century of wastewater treatment
van Loosdrecht, M. C. M., & Brdjanovic, D. (2014) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1255183 · Cited by 726
Current status of urban wastewater treatment plants in China
Zhang, Q. H., Yang, W. N., Ngo, H. H., Guo, W. S., Jin, P. K., Dzakpasu, M., Yang, S. J., Wang, Q., Wang, X. C., & Ao, D. (2016) · Environment International · doi:10.1016/j.envint.2016.03.024 · Cited by 620
Self-citationToxicants inhibiting anaerobic digestion: A review
Chen, J. L., Ortiz, R., Steele, T. W. J., & Stuckey, D. C. (2014) · Biotechnology Advances · doi:10.1016/j.biotechadv.2014.10.005 · Cited by 586
Cited by
Understanding plastic degradation and microplastic formation in the environment: A review
Zhang, K., Hamidian, A. H., Tubić, A., Zhang, Y., Fang, J. K. H., Wu, C., & Lam, P. K. S. (2021) · Environmental Pollution · doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2021.116554 · Cited by 1,539
Wang, J., Wang, Y., Gu, Z., Mou, H., & Sun, H. (2023) · Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163061 · Cited by 50
Metadata
- Authors
- Liu, Y., Ngo, H. H., Guo, W., Peng, L., Wang, D., & Ni, B.
- Venue
- Environment International
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2019-02
- Volume
- 123
- Pages
- 10-19
- ISSN
- 0160-4120 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2900602234
- Cited by
- 478
- References
- 59
- FWCI
- 12.10
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: The roles of free ammonia (FA) in biological wastewater treatment processes: A review. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1016/j.envint.2018.11.039
- The paper
- Liu, Y., Ngo, H. H., Guo, W., Peng, L., Wang, D., & Ni, B. (2019). The roles of free ammonia (FA) in biological wastewater treatment processes: A review. Environment International. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2018.11.039
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
