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Cited by 24Concrete and Cement Materials ResearchMaterials Engineering and ProcessingRecycling and utilization of industrial and municipal waste in materials production

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Hydration characteristics and sustainability of calcium carbide slag-activated full solid waste cementitious materials under high temperature curing

Gu, Xiaowei, Wang, Xu, Ge, Xiaowei, Wang, Shenyu, Hu, Ziyang, Wang, Hongyu, Liu, Jianping, Zhang, Xinlong, Wang, Xueli·2025·Environmental Research
DOI 10.1016/j.envres.2025.122309
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Abstract

Using calcium carbide slag (CCS) to replace ordinary portland cement (OPC) as an alkali activator for the preparation of full solid waste cementitious material is a green and low carbon method. This study investigates the influence of 80 °C high-temperature curing on ground granulated blast furnace slag - steel slag based supersulfated cement (GS-SSC) incorporating 0 to 20 wt% CCS. The hydration products and microstructure of GS-SSC were analysed using various microscopic techniques, assess the compressive strength and pH value development, exploring the hydration mechanism of CCS activated GS-SSC. The results indicated that the CCS could increase the alkalinity of GS-SSC, activate the pozzolanic activity of ground granulated blast furnace slag-steel slag (GGBS-SS). Compared with the control group, the CCS promote the generation of more AFt and C-(A)-S-H gels, fill the pores and microcracks of the samples, making the microstructures denser. CCS significantly increased the compressive strength of the samples under curing at high temperatures. When 10 % CCS was incorporated, the compressive strength reached 31.2 MPa at 3 d and further increased to 33.5 MPa at 7 d. Moreover, sustainability assessment results indicate that the material exhibits favorable environmental and performance sustainability under this dosage condition. It is remarkable that a higher CCS content (>10 %) has a negative effect on the compressive strength of the samples. These results provide a new approach to promote the resourceful efficient utilization of industrial solid waste and serve as a valuable reference for designing low carbon cementitious materials based on GGBS-SS.

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Metadata

Authors
Gu, X., Wang, X., Ge, X., Wang, S., Hu, Z., Wang, H., Liu, J., Zhang, X., & Wang, X.
Affiliations
  • Northeastern University (CN)
  • Shenyang University of Technology (CN)
Corresponding author
Wang, Xu
ORCID
Venue
Environmental Research
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2025-11
Volume
285
Issue
Pt 1
Pages
122309
ISSN
0013-9351 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1016/j.envres.2025.122309
OpenAlex
W4412071631
Cited by
24
References
105
Citations by year
2026: 22 · 2025: 2
FWCI
8.65
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
Locations
  • Environmental Research (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • National Key Research and Development Program of China (2023YFC3904303)
  • National Natural Science Foundation of China (52234004, CSCEC-2022-Z-21)
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Engineering › Civil and Structural Engineering › Concrete and Cement Materials Research
  • Physical Sciences › Engineering › Building and Construction › Materials Engineering and Processing
  • Physical Sciences › Engineering › Building and Construction › Recycling and utilization of industrial and municipal waste in materials production
Keywords
carbide slag, ground granulated blast furnace slag, steel slag, supersulfated cement, thermal curing, cement hydration, pozzolanic activity, compressive strength, microstructure, AFt, C-A-S-H gel, industrial solid waste utilization, low-carbon cement, sustainability assessment
MeSH terms
Acetylene, Construction Materials, Hot Temperature, Industrial Waste, Refuse Disposal, Carbon Compounds, Inorganic, Calcium Compounds, Compressive Strength, Solid Waste

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CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Hydration characteristics and sustainability of calcium carbide slag-activated full solid waste cementitious materials under high temperature curing. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1016/j.envres.2025.122309
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Gu, X., Wang, X., Ge, X., Wang, S., Hu, Z., Wang, H., Liu, J., Zhang, X., & Wang, X. (2025). Hydration characteristics and sustainability of calcium carbide slag-activated full solid waste cementitious materials under high temperature curing. Environmental Research. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2025.122309