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Family disruption, economic hardship and psychological distress in schizophrenia: can they be measured?
Abstract
This study examined the dimensions of burden perceived by key-relatives of patients suffering from schizophrenia spectrum disorder by the development of an instrument, the Family Burden Scale (FBS) and the underlying predictors. One hundred and seventy one primary caregivers, living with 158 patients suffering from chronic psychotic illness and maintained on community basis in Athens area, were interviewed by the use of FBS supplemented by the Family Atmosphere Scale and GHQ. Construction procedure and factor analysis of FBS produced a scale of 23 items in four factors, three of them measuring objective and the fourth one, subjective burden. The scale was also proved to be reliable and valid. Forty-five percent of primary caregivers reported high levels of burden. Psychological impairment (high GHQ scores) was related with high levels of burden and negative family atmosphere. Previous admissions and duration of illness were also found to predict burden. The results suggest that FBS differentiates objective from subjective burden. Psychological well being of carers is affected by the dimensions of perceived burden.
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Relatives who live with patients with severe mental disorders present high levels of psychological distress.
“Los familiares que conviven con el paciente presentan altos niveles de 'malestar psicológico'”
From Intervención psicológica grupal, basada en la aceptación y el entrenamiento en comunicación, con familiares de personas con trastorno mental grave (2015) · cites this paper as Madianos et al., 2004
Relatives of patients with severe mental disorders usually present milder symptoms, 'psychological distress', without meeting criteria for anxiety or depression diagnosis.
“estos familiares suelen presentar síntomas más leves, 'malestar psicológico' (Madianos et al., 2004; Magaña et al., 2007), sin llegar a cumplir, la mayoría de las veces, los criterios para un diagnóstico de trastorno de ansiedad o depresión”
From Intervención psicológica grupal, basada en la aceptación y el entrenamiento en comunicación, con familiares de personas con trastorno mental grave (2015) · cites this paper as Madianos et al., 2004
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Metadata
- Authors
- Madianos, M., Economou, M., Dafni, O., Koukia, E., Palli, A., & Rogakou, E.
- Affiliations
- National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (GR)
- Corresponding author
- Madianos, M.
- Venue
- European Psychiatry
- Publisher
- Cambridge University Press (CUP)
- Published
- 2004-11
- Volume
- 19
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- 408-414
- ISSN
- 0924-9338 (ISSN-L)
- 1778-3585
- OpenAlex
- W2003404048
- Cited by
- 75
- References
- 40
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 2
- FWCI
- 1.60
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- European Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Family Caregiving in Mental Illness
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Schizophrenia research and treatment
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Family Support in Illness
- Keywords
- family burden, schizophrenia spectrum disorders, primary caregivers, family climate, psychological distress, caregiver burden, scale development, psychiatric hospital admissions, disease duration, community-based care
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Affect, Attitude to Health, Depression, Factor Analysis, Statistical, Family, Female, Humans, Male, Psychology, Surveys and Questionnaires, ROC Curve, Schizophrenia, Schizophrenic Psychology, Social Environment, Socioeconomic Factors, Reproducibility of Results, Cost of Illness
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