The DOI matches its Crossref record; 4 of the 4 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
High salivary testosterone is linked to masculine male facial appearance in humans
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Parasites, Bright Males, and the Immunocompetence Handicap
Folstad, I., & Karter, A. J. (1992) · The American Naturalist · doi:10.1086/285346 · Cited by 2,799
Sex Steroids and the Construction and Conservation of the Adult Skeleton
Riggs, B. L., Khosla, S., & Melton, L. J. (2002) · Endocrine Reviews · doi:10.1210/edrv.23.3.0465 · Cited by 1,846
Grammer, K., & Thornhill, R. (1994) · Journal of Comparative Psychology · doi:10.1037/0735-7036.108.3.233 · Cited by 1,110
Grumbach, M. M. (2000) · Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.1515/jpem-2000-s619 · Cited by 173 · cited 1×
“…that testosterone is directly related to facial growth has been challenged by recent discoveries in endocrinology indicating that oestrogens (from direct secretion or the aromatization of testosterone) have a critical role in skeletal growth in males and females (Frank, 2003; Grumbach, 2000).”
Background
Cited by
Schmitt, D. P. (2005) · Behavioral and Brain Sciences · doi:10.1017/s0140525x05000051 · Cited by 974
Human adaptations for the visual assessment of strength and fighting ability from the body and face
Sell, A., Cosmides, L., Tooby, J., Sznycer, D., von Rueden, C., & Gurven, M. (2009) · Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences · doi:10.1098/rspb.2008.1177 · Cited by 631
Facial appearance is a cue to oestrogen levels in women
Law Smith, M. J., Perrett, D. I., Jones, B. C., Cornwell, R. E., Moore, F. R., Feinberg, D. R., Boothroyd, L. G., Durrani, S. J., Stirrat, M. R., Whiten, S., et al. (2006) · Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences · doi:10.1098/rspb.2005.3296 · Cited by 401
THE EVOLUTION OF HUMAN PHYSICAL ATTRACTIVENESS
Gangestad, S. W., & Scheyd, G. J. (2005) · Annual Review of Anthropology · doi:10.1146/annurev.anthro.33.070203.143733 · Cited by 359
Telling facial metrics: facial width is associated with testosterone levels in men
Lefevre, C. E., Lewis, G. J., Perrett, D. I., & Penke, L. (2013) · Evolution and Human Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2013.03.005 · Cited by 293
Metadata
- Authors
- Penton-Voak, I. S., & Chen, J. Y.
- Venue
- Evolution and Human Behavior
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2004-07
- Volume
- 25
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 229-241
- ISSN
- 1090-5138 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2170595447
- Cited by
- 383
- References
- 4
- FWCI
- 15.79
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: High salivary testosterone is linked to masculine male facial appearance in humans. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2004.04.003
- The paper
- Penton-Voak, I. S., & Chen, J. Y. (2004). High salivary testosterone is linked to masculine male facial appearance in humans. Evolution and Human Behavior. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2004.04.003
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.