Sundowning syndrome in aging and dementia: Research in mouse models
Abstract
Both normal aging and dementia are associated with altered circadian regulation of physiology and behavior. Elderly individuals and dementia patients commonly experience disrupted sleep-wake cycles, which may lead to psychomotor agitation, confusion, and wandering. These behaviors are disruptive to both patients and caregivers. Sundowning syndrome, which encompasses many of these behaviors, is characterized by a temporal pattern in the severity of symptoms, usually expressed as worse during the late afternoon or evening. Other than antipsychotic medications, off-label medications, and restraint, few treatment options are available. The aim of this paper is to review mouse studies of circadian behavioral disturbances relevant to sundowning, in order to determine potential models for studying the mechanisms of sundowning syndrome. The emergence of a useful mouse model should facilitate the development of novel therapeutic approaches.
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Clinical and preclinical data suggest that a lack of appropriate light-dark cues, disturbances in sleep (particularly reductions in REM sleep) and a deterioration of the SCN pacemaker and its outputs all contribute to sundowning syndrome.
“Clinical and preclinical data suggest that a lack of appropriate light–dark cues, disturbances in sleep (particularly, reductions in reM sleep) and a deterioration of the SCN pacemaker and its outputs all contribute to sundowning syndrome281.”
From Rhythms of life: circadian disruption and brain disorders across the lifespan (2019) · cites this paper as [281]
Sundowning syndrome is prevalent in people with dementia and is characterized by increases in aggression, restlessness, delirium and agitation specifically in the late afternoon or early evening.
“Sundowning syndrome is prevalent in people with dementia and is characterized by increases in aggression, restlessness, delirium and agitation specifically in the late afternoon or early evening280,281.”
From Rhythms of life: circadian disruption and brain disorders across the lifespan (2019) · cites this paper as [281]
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References 77 · Cited by 50
- Authors
- Bedrosian, T. A., & Nelson, R. J.
- Affiliations
- The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center (US)
- Corresponding author
- Bedrosian, Tracy A.
- Venue
- Experimental Neurology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2013-05
- Volume
- 243
- Pages
- 67-73
- ISSN
- 0014-4886 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2052877278
- Cited by
- 50
- References
- 77
- Citations by year
- 2025: 1 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 2 · 2013: 1
- FWCI
- 0.36
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Experimental Neurology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Defense Science and Engineering Graduate
- National Institutes of Health (RO1MH057535)
- National Science Foundation (IOS-08-38098)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Circadian rhythm and melatonin
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Sleep and Wakefulness Research
- Keywords
- circadian rhythm disruption, dementia, normal aging, sleep-wake cycle, psychomotor agitation, wandering, mouse model, therapeutic target
- MeSH terms
- Aging, Animals, Circadian Rhythm, Confusion, Dementia, Disease Models, Animal, Humans, Mice
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