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Investigation of Pirnia's orientation theory (Roon) in Yazd Qajar houses
Open accessAbstract
This paper carefully explains Pirnia's theory regarding the orientation of traditional Iranian cities and buildings (Roon) and investigates the factors involved in this historic architectural phenomenon. For this purpose, 40 traditional Yazd Qajar houses were under study. Most of which are in the Rasteh Roon and close to the southwest direction, and only five contradict the direction that Pirnia had pointed. While the primeval data indicated the theory is strengthening, the investigation followed the fundamental factors behind this event. From the perspective of analysis and discussion on involved factors (climate, topography, aqueducts, urban arteries, politics, trade routes, privacy, noise, view, and religion), it turns out that the direction of the wind and sun had negligible impacts on this orientation, and architects of the Qajar era in Yazd old city did not care about these climate factors. It seems religious factors were more influential. Thus, despite being approvingly referenced in many scientific studies, Pirnia's orientation theory (Roon)—the efforts of past Iranian architects to orient buildings in a specific direction due to their unique knowledge of region and climate factors—becomes not solid.
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In the citing paper
“Research suggests that room dimensions in traditional Iranian architecture, including those in Yazd, follow the principles of the Iranian Golden Rectangle.”
From Socio-cultural transformations in modernity and household patterns: a study on local traditions housing and the impact and evolution of vernacular architecture in Yazd, Iran (2024) · cites this paper as Sharami 2023
In the citing paper
“The use of the Iranian Golden Rectangle in traditional Iranian room design is likely influenced by the principles of Islamic architecture, which emphasizes geometric shapes and proportions to achieve harmony and balance (Sharami 2023) (Fig. 6).”
From Socio-cultural transformations in modernity and household patterns: a study on local traditions housing and the impact and evolution of vernacular architecture in Yazd, Iran (2024) · cites this paper as Sharami 2023
In the citing paper
“These rooms are typically rectangular, with a length approximately 1.618 times the width.”
From Socio-cultural transformations in modernity and household patterns: a study on local traditions housing and the impact and evolution of vernacular architecture in Yazd, Iran (2024) · cites this paper as Sharami 2023
In the citing paper
“The concept of the 'Iranian Golden Rectangle,' or the Golden Ratio in Iranian art and architecture (approximately equal to 1.618), has been widely employed in the design of rooms, courtyards,Footnote 1 and other spaces.”
From Socio-cultural transformations in modernity and household patterns: a study on local traditions housing and the impact and evolution of vernacular architecture in Yazd, Iran (2024) · cites this paper as Sharami 2023
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Research works printed but not linked: 36
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Cited by
Formolly, A., & Saraei, M. H. (2024) · City, Territory and Architecture · doi:10.1186/s40410-024-00236-6 · Cited by 21
Metadata
- Authors
- Jafari Sharami, H.
- Venue
- Frontiers of Architectural Research
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2023-10
- Volume
- 12
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 906-922
- ISSN
- 2095-2635 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W4383618390
- Cited by
- 7
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 4
- FWCI
- 7.12
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Frontiers of Architectural Research (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › Archeology (arts and humanities) › Architecture and Cultural Influences
- Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › Archeology (arts and humanities) › Historical and Architectural Studies
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Architecture › Architectural and Urban Studies
- Keywords
- traditional Iranian architecture, building orientation, climatic factors, topography, aqueducts, privacy, noise, views
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Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
