Torrefaction of reed canary grass, wheat straw and willow to enhance solid fuel qualities and combustion properties
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Bridgeman et al. (2008) observed energy yields of 77%, 78% and 86% for wheat straw (7.7% lignin), reed canary grass (7.6% lignin), and willow (20% lignin), respectively, after torrefaction at 270 °C for 30 minutes.
“For instance, Bridgeman et al. (2008) observed the energy yields of 77%, 78% and 86% for wheat straw (7.7% lignin), reed canary grass (7.6% lignin), and willow (20% lignin), respectively after they are torrefied at 270 °C for 30 minutes.”
From A Comprehensive Review on Biomass Torrefaction (2014) · cites this paper as Bridgeman et al. (2008)
Willow with 20% initial lignin content attained an energy density enhancement factor of 1.196 compared with 1.095 for reed canary grass and 1.118 for wheat straw.
“The willow with 20% initial lignin content attained the energy density enhancement factor of 1.196 compared to 1.095 by reed canary grass and 1.118 by wheat straw.”
From A Comprehensive Review on Biomass Torrefaction (2014) · cites this paper as Bridgeman et al. (2008)
Willow, with the least hemicellulose content of 14% compared with 30% for reed canary grass and 31% for wheat straw, shows the highest solid product yield.
“For instance, the willow, which has the least hemicellulose content of 14% compared to 30% with that of reed canary grass and 31% with that of wheat straw, shows the highest solid product yield (Bridgeman et al., 2008).”
From A Comprehensive Review on Biomass Torrefaction (2014) · cites this paper as Bridgeman et al., 2008
Torrefied biomass is thermally more stable than raw biomass and produces a higher heat of reactions during combustion.
“The Torrefied biomass is thermally more stable than the raw biomass, and it produces a higher heat of reactions during the combustion (Bridgeman et al., 2008).”
From A Comprehensive Review on Biomass Torrefaction (2014) · cites this paper as Bridgeman et al., 2008
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- Authors
- Bridgeman, T. G., Jones, J. M., Shield, I., & Williams, P. T.
- Affiliations
- University of Leeds (GB)
- Rothamsted Research (GB)
- Venue
- Fuel
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2008-05
- Volume
- 87
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 844-856
- ISSN
- 0016-2361 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2050268215
- Cited by
- 915
- References
- 1
- Citations by year
- 2026: 22 · 2025: 35 · 2024: 23 · 2023: 48 · 2022: 47 · 2021: 59 · 2020: 57 · 2019: 81 · 2018: 59 · 2017: 77 · 2016: 63 · 2015: 66 · 2014: 75 · 2013: 57 · 2012: 69
- FWCI
- 7.41
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Fuel (publishedVersion)
- Rothamsted Repository (Rothamsted Repository) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EP/E039995/1, EP/D053110/1)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Thermochemical Biomass Conversion Processes
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Mechanical Engineering › Coal Combustion and Slurry Processing
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Materials Chemistry › Thermal and Kinetic Analysis
- Keywords
- torrefaction, reed canary grass, wheat straw, short rotation willow, energy yield, char combustion, energy crops, nitrogen atmosphere
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