The Heat Treatment Severity Index: A new metric correlated to the properties of biochars obtained from entrained flow pyrolysis of biomass
Open accessIntegrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
PHT at 600 °C for 30 min (HTB800) induced a second phase of dehydration, dehydrogenation, and deoxygenation, further concentrating aromatic carbon and reducing chemical instability.
“Further, PHT at 600 • C for 30 min (HTB800) induced a second phase of dehydration, dehydrogenation, and deoxygenation, further concentrating aromatic carbon and reducing chemical instability [73][74][75][76][77].”
The surface area increase is likely due to lignin degradation and aromatic condensation.
“likely due to lignin degradation and aromatic condensation [73].”
Cites
Bourke, J., Manley-Harris, M., Fushimi, C., Dowaki, K., Nunoura, T., & Antal, M. J. (2007) · Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research · doi:10.1021/ie070415u · Cited by 300 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Ubando, A. T., Rivera, D. R. T., Chen, W., & Culaba, A. B. (2019) · Bioresource Technology · doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2019.121837 · Cited by 187 · see citing works
Wijitkosum, S. (2021) · International Soil and Water Conservation Research · doi:10.1016/j.iswcr.2021.09.006 · Cited by 166 · see citing works
Removal of tetracycline from water by adsorption with biochar: A review
Yan, L., Song, X., Miao, J., Ma, Y., Zhao, T., & Yin, M. (2024) · Journal of Water Process Engineering · doi:10.1016/j.jwpe.2024.105215 · Cited by 123 · see citing works
Polin, J. P., Peterson, C. A., Whitmer, L. E., Smith, R. G., & Brown, R. C. (2019) · Applied Energy · doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2019.04.154 · Cited by 128 · see citing works
Gupta, R., Pandit, C., Pandit, S., Gupta, P. K., Lahiri, D., Agarwal, D., & Pandey, S. (2022) · Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management · doi:10.1007/s10163-022-01391-z · Cited by 95 · see citing works
Catalytic fast pyrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass: Recent advances and comprehensive overview
Bari, H. E., Fanezoune, C. K., Dorneanu, B., Arellano‐García, H., Majozi, T., Elhenawy, Y., Bayssi, O., Hirt, A., Peixinho, J., Dhahak, A., et al. (2024) · Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis · doi:10.1016/j.jaap.2024.106390 · Cited by 88 · see citing works
Preparation of nano-biochar from conventional biorefineries for high-value applications
Song, B., Cao, X., Gao, W., Aziz, S., Gao, S., Lam, C.-H., & Lin, R. (2022) · Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.rser.2021.112057 · Cited by 95 · see citing works
Wijitkosum, S., & Sriburi, T. (2023) · Heliyon · doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e19831 · Cited by 71 · see citing works
“2% for beech wood [49], 35% of tree bark (Pinus pinaster), and 19% of applewood [45].”
BackgroundHuang, H., Niu, Z., Shi, R., Tang, J., Lv, L., Wang, J., & Fan, Y. (2020) · Bioresource Technology · doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2020.123096 · Cited by 76 · see citing works
Keerthanan, S., Rajapaksha, S. M., Trakal, L., & Vithanage, M. S. (2020) · Environmental Research · doi:10.1016/j.envres.2020.109865 · Cited by 68 · see citing works
Wijitkosum, S. (2023) · Journal of Human, Earth, and Future · doi:10.28991/hef-2023-04-04-07 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
“The present results are consistent with the studies of Guizani et al. [39], which indicated that at a pyrolysis temperature higher than 300 °C, the cracking of the residual O and H in biochar caused the atomic ratios of H/C and O/C to decrease.”
BackgroundResultSchneider, C., Walker, S., Phounglamcheik, A., Umeki, K., & Kolb, T. (2021) · Fuel · doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2020.118826 · Cited by 36
“[25] developed the heat treatment severity index (HTSI) taking into account reactor temperature and residence time of a biomass particle during pyrolysis under entrained-flow conditions.”
BackgroundMethodFabozzi, A., Cerciello, F., & Senneca, O. (2024) · Fuel · doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2024.133976 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Al-Rabaiai, A., Menezes‐Blackburn, D., Al‐Ismaily, S., Janke, R. R., Pracejus, B., Al‐Alawi, A., Al-Kindi, M. A., & Bol, R. (2022) · Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis · doi:10.1016/j.jaap.2022.105693 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Lignocellulosic Biomass and Food Waste for Biochar Production and Application: A Review
Bong, C. P. C., Lim, L. Y., Lee, C. T., Ong, P. Y., Klemeš, J. J., Li, C., & Gao, Y. (2020) · Chemical engineering transactions · doi:10.3303/cet2081072 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
“A lower H/C ratio indicates higher aromaticity for higher resistance whereas lower O/C indicating lower polarity with lower adsorption (Xue et al., 2019) and lower reactivity (Guizani et al., 2019).”
BackgroundInfluentialStudy on carbon rearrangements of CO2 co-feeding pyrolysis of corn stover and oak wood
Choi, D., Jung, S., Jeon, Y. J., Moon, D. H., & Kwon, E. E. (2020) · Journal of CO2 Utilization · doi:10.1016/j.jcou.2020.101320 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Kai, X., Wang, L., Yang, T., Zhang, T., Li, B., Liu, Z., Yan, W., & Li, R. (2024) · International Journal of Biological Macromolecules · doi:10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.135185 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Ahmad, R. K., Sulaıman, S. A., Inayat, M., & Umar, H. A. (2020) · Lecture notes in mechanical engineering · doi:10.1007/978-981-15-5753-8_24 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Rezvani, B. (2025) · The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering · doi:10.1002/cjce.25702 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Effects of Hardwood Biomass Variability on Biochar Properties: Insights from Wood Waste Utilization
Wijitkosum, S., & Sriburi, T. (2025) · Journal of Human Earth and Future · doi:10.28991/hef-2025-06-01-02 · Cited by 8
“The degree of aromaticity, as indicated by the H/C ratio, serves as a measure of biochar stability, reflecting hydrogen saturation in the carbon structure [31, 59].”
InfluentialNakano, K., Luthfi, N., Fukushima, T., & Takisawa, K. (2024) · The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering · doi:10.1002/cjce.25457 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Yuan, X., Jiang, W., Zhang, H., & Shen, X. (2025) · Journal of environmental chemical engineering · doi:10.1016/j.jece.2025.116875 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Colin, B., Quirino, R. L., Ntsika-Mbou, C. Y., Lin, Y.-Y., Lin, B.-J., Leconte, F., Pétrissans, A., Chen, W., & Pétrissans, M. (2021) · Wood Material Science and Engineering · doi:10.1080/17480272.2021.2015434 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
“Thermal treatment severity is usually measured by the mass loss (ML) of the treated biomass (Guizani et al. 2019), which is directly linked to properties, such as color, dimensions, and mechanical strength (Chen et al. 2018).”
BackgroundRoy, D., Manna, M. S., & Manna, A. K. (2025) · International Journal of Environmental & Analytical Chemistry · doi:10.1080/03067319.2025.2583384 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Chen, D., Fang, Z., Zhou, S., Xu, J. M., Xu, K. L., Jiang, L. K., Wang, Y., Su, S., Hu, S. J., & Xiang, J. H. (2025) · Energy · doi:10.1016/j.energy.2025.138535 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Białowiec, A., & Syguła, E. (2025) · Fuel · doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2025.136119 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Aye, H. Y., Scala, F., Štěpanec, L., Lin, O. Z., & Juchelková, D. (2026) · Energy Conversion and Management X · doi:10.1016/j.ecmx.2026.102137
Cho, H. U., & Jang, H. M. (2025) · Environmental Technology & Innovation · doi:10.1016/j.eti.2025.104562 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Zhou, T., Lu, Z., Bao, Z., Li, Y., Chen, J., & Yao, S. (2026) · Biomass and Bioenergy · doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2026.109088 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Ganesan, A., Barnabé, S., Langlois, S., Rezazgui, O., Bareha, Y., & Boussabbeh, C. (2026) · Energies · doi:10.3390/en19133097 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Zhang, R., Wang, Q., Song, S., Su, S., & Zhang, T. (2026) · Chemical Engineering Journal · doi:10.1016/j.cej.2026.176075 · Cited by 1
Bhatia, T., Mehta, S., & Sindhu, S. S. (2026) · Discover Agriculture · doi:10.1007/s44279-026-00726-w
Zeng, J., Wada, O. Z., Tanveer, A., Al-Naema, N. M., Bekele, A., Saeed, S., Al‐Ansari, T. A., McKay, G., & Mahmoud, K. A. (2026) · Carbon Resources Conversion · doi:10.1016/j.crcon.2026.100469
- Authors
- Guizani, C., Jeguirim, M., Valin, S., Peyrot, M., & Salvador, S.
- Affiliations
- Aalto University (FI)
- Institut de Sciences des Matériaux de Mulhouse (FR)
- Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives (FR)
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (FR)
- Corresponding author
- Guizani, Chamseddine
- Venue
- Fuel
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2019-05
- Volume
- 244
- Pages
- 61-68
- ISSN
- 0016-2361 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2911965118
- Cited by
- 35
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 2
- FWCI
- 1.15
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- Licence
- Locations
- Fuel (publishedVersion)
- HAL (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Thermochemical Biomass Conversion Processes
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Materials Chemistry › Graphite, nuclear technology, radiation studies
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Mechanical Engineering › Coal Combustion and Slurry Processing
- Keywords
- biochar, biomass pyrolysis, entrained flow reactor, pyrolysis temperature, pyrolysis time, beech wood, biochar properties, oxygen reactivity, Raman spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
