The DOI matches its Crossref record; 69 of the 69 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Impact in soils caused by metal(loid)s in lead metallurgy. The case of La Cruz Smelter (Southern Spain)
Open accessAbstract
Abstract The old mining district of Linares (Southern Spain) was subject to intense Pb mining, minerallurgical and metallurgical activities for centuries, causing significant contamination of nearby soils. In this area the present study analysed the surroundings of the former lead smelter of La Cruz, where, in previous studies, soils with high metal(loid) contents were detected. To determine the intensity, spatial distribution and dispersion mechanisms of different trace elements, a geochemical prospecting campaign was designed in which 44 samples were collected from a 2.2 km2 surface area around the smelter. Of the 33 elements analysed, nine metal(loid)s (Cu, Pb, Zn, Ag, As, Sb, Bi, Cd and Tl) were found to have a high enrichment factor (EF). These elements show mean concentrations of 672, 6491, 464, 2.8, 75, 20, 2, 13 and 2.9 mg kg−1, respectively, values which largely exceed the levels of the environmental quality standards for soils established by both regional and European regulations. Multivariate analysis and geostatistical distribution maps enabled the most intensely contaminated areas to be characterised. The results obtained indicate that the main contamination zone is related to the smelter itself, with two different dispersal mechanisms: the first is linked to the gases and dust emissions generated by the metallurgical processes, and transported by the prevailing winds, in Southwest-Northeast direction; the second is associated with the leachate produced in the smelter residues. Additionally, two other secondary foci are formed by tailings ponds and mining residues. The contamination areas are known to affect a residential zone near the old smelter installations and land located Northeast of these areas, where there is an olive grove. The results of this study should therefore serve as a basis for the adoption of corrective measures to minimize the adverse effects on the soil from the old mining-metallurgical activities.
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“The soil selected for this study is located in an old mine in Southern Spain (38 ◦ 06 ′ 00 ′′ N 3 ◦ 40 ′ 03 ′′ O), mainly dedicated to mineral extraction. As a result of this activity over time, this soil presents significant contamination by heavy metals, as reported in [37].”
From Assessing Environmental Sustainability of Phytoremediation to Remove Copper from Contaminated Soils (2024) · cites this paper as [37]
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Cites
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Cited by
Pomoni, D. I., Koukou, M. K., Vrachopoulos, M. G., & Vasiliadis, L. (2023) · Energies · doi:10.3390/en16041690 · Cited by 183
Wang, Y., Guo, G., Zhang, D., & Lei, M. (2021) · Environmental Pollution · doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2021.116666 · Cited by 221
Zhou, Y., Jiang, D., Ding, D., Wu, Y., Wei, J., Kong, L., Long, T., Fan, T., & Deng, S. (2022) · Environmental Pollution · doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119487 · Cited by 164
Guo, G., Wang, Y., Zhang, D., & Lei, M. (2021) · Journal of Hazardous Materials · doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126144 · Cited by 126
Kasongo, J., Alleman, L., Kanda, J.-M., Kaniki, A. T., & Riffault, V. (2024) · The Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.175426 · Cited by 64
Metadata
- Authors
- Cortada, U., Hidalgo, M. C., Martínez, J., & Rey, J.
- Affiliations
- Universidad de Jaén (ES)
- Corresponding author
- Cortada, Unai
- Venue
- Journal of Geochemical Exploration
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2018-07
- Volume
- 190
- Pages
- 302-313
- ISSN
- 0375-6742 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2797798641
- Cited by
- 50
- References
- 69
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 1
- FWCI
- 2.06
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- hdl.handle.net
- Licence
- public-domain
- www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
- www.elsevier.com/legal/tdmrep-license (tdm)
- Locations
- Journal of Geochemical Exploration (publishedVersion)
- RUJA. Institutional Repository of Scientific Production of the University of Jaén (University of Jaén) (submittedVersion, public-domain)
- Funders
- Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (CGL2013-45485-R)
- Government of Andalusia (RNM 05959)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Pollution › Heavy metals in environment
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Water Science and Technology › Environmental and Analytical Chemistry Studies
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Geochemistry and Petrology › Coal and Its By-products
- Keywords
- soil contamination, metalloids, lead smelter, trace elements, enrichment factor, smelter emissions, leachate, tailings ponds, mining waste, spatial distribution of pollutants, geochemical exploration, geochemical mapping, environmental quality standards
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- The paper
- Cortada, U., Hidalgo, M. C., Martínez, J., & Rey, J. (2018). Impact in soils caused by metal(loid)s in lead metallurgy. The case of La Cruz Smelter (Southern Spain). Journal of Geochemical Exploration. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gexplo.2018.04.001
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Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
