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Insertion of gallic acid onto chitosan promotes the differentiation of osteoblasts from murine bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells
Abstract
Chitosan, a naturally occurring biodegradable and biocompatible polymer, has found use as a food additive, nutraceuticals, and functional foods in recent years. In this study, gallic acid-g-chitosan (GAC) was prepared by the insertion of GA onto plain chitosan (PC) via free radical-mediated grafting and its osteogenic effects were investigated in murine bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (mBMMSCs). Structural characterization of PC and GAC was performed using 1 H NMR and FT-IR spectroscopy. The amount of GA successfully grafted onto PC was 111 mg GA/g GAC via the Folin-Ciocalteu's method. While PC and GAC promoted the increase in alkaline phosphatase activity and mineralization, GAC increased these factors significantly more than PC, indicating that the grafting of GA onto chitosan increased its osteogenic potential. Mechanistic study revealed that GAC activated Wnt1 and Wnt3a mRNA and protein expression as well as increased the translocation of β-catenin into the nucleus and upregulated the expression of β-catenin targeted genes including Runx2, osterix, type I collagen and cyclin D1. In addition, DKK-1, a Wnt antagonist, decreased GAC-mediated osteoblast differentiation in mBMMSCs through blocking the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.
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“it was reported that GA insertion onto chitosan markedly increased the osteogenic effects of BMSCs, the functions of which were mediated by the canonical Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway [53].”
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Metadata
- Authors
- Oh, Y., Ahn, C.-B., Marasinghe, M. P. C. K., & Je, J.-Y.
- Affiliations
- Kyungsung University (KR)
- Chonnam National University (KR)
- Pukyong National University (KR)
- Corresponding author
- Je, Jae-Young
- Venue
- International Journal of Biological Macromolecules
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2021-07
- Volume
- 183
- Pages
- 1410-1418
- ISSN
- 0141-8130 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W3163900972
- Cited by
- 34
- References
- 55
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 1
- FWCI
- 1.59
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- Locations
- International Journal of Biological Macromolecules (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Research Foundation of Korea
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Bone Tissue Engineering Materials
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Bone Metabolism and Diseases
- Life Sciences › Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics › Pharmacology › Medicinal Plant Pharmacodynamics Research
- Keywords
- gallic acid, chitosan, grafting, osteogenic differentiation, mesenchymal stem cells, bone marrow-derived stem cells, Wnt/β-catenin signaling, DKK1, alkaline phosphatase activity, mineralization, Runx2, Osterix, type I collagen, cyclin D1
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Cell Differentiation, Gallic Acid, Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy, Osteoblasts, Cyclin D1, Collagen Type I, Chitosan, beta Catenin, Mice, Mesenchymal Stem Cells
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