The DOI matches its Crossref record; 129 of the 132 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Water-borne protozoa parasites: The Latin American perspective
Abstract
Health systems, sanitation and water access have certain limitations in nations of Latin America (LA): typical matters of developing countries. Water is often contaminated and therefore unhealthy for the consumers and users. Information on prevalence and detection of waterborne parasitic protozoa are limited or not available in LA. Only few reports have documented in this field during the last forty years and Brazil leads the list, including countries in South America and Mexico within Central America region and Caribbean islands. From 1979 to 2015, 16 outbreaks of waterborne-protozoa, were reported in Latin American countries. T. gondii and C. cayetanensis were the protozoa, which caused more outbreaks and Giardia spp. and Cryptosporidium spp. were the most frequently found protozoa in water samples. On the other hand, Latin America countries have not got a coherent methodology for detection of protozoa in water samples despite whole LA is highly vulnerable to extreme weather events related to waterborne-infections; although Brazil and Colombia have some implemented laws in their surveillance systems. It would be important to coordinate all surveillance systems in between all countries for early detection and measures against waterborne-protozoan and to establish effective and suitable diagnosis tools according to the country's economic strength and particular needs.
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“High temperatures and high nutrient concentrations make urban hydrosystems likely to be breeding sites for vectors of water-borne-diseases (e.g., the vector mosquitos, Aedes aegypti and Anopheles albipictus), as well as for the development of hazardous bacteria and protozoa [127], specifically under stagnant conditions.”
From Urban Stream and Wetland Restoration in the Global South—A DPSIR Analysis (2019) · cites this paper as [127]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Rosado-García, F. M., Guerrero-Flórez, M., Karanis, G., Hinojosa, M. D. C., & Karanis, P.
- Affiliations
- Qinghai University (CN)
- Instituto Nacional de Higiene, Epidemiología y Microbiología (CU)
- Corresponding author
- Karanis, Panagiotis
- Venue
- International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2017-07
- Volume
- 220
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 783-798
- ISSN
- 1438-4639 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2602098488
- Cited by
- 112
- References
- 132
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 13 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 17 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 17 · 2018: 19 · 2017: 5
- FWCI
- 1.90
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- One Thousand Talents Plan of the Chinese Government (WQ2013630172)
- Centre for Biomedicine and Infectious Diseases
- Qinghai Academy of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine
- AOPs for Drinking Water in Nariño Research Project – C&T (2014000100020)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Parasitology › Parasitic Infections and Diagnostics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Water Science and Technology › Fecal contamination and water quality
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Parasitology › Toxoplasma gondii Research Studies
- Keywords
- waterborne protozoa, protozoan parasites, waterborne outbreaks, Toxoplasma gondii, Giardia, Cryptosporidium, water pollution, Latin America, Brazil, extreme weather events, water quality
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Environmental Monitoring, Humans, Latin America, Parasites, Water Microbiology, Water Pollutants, Climate Change
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