The Admission Experience Survey Italian Version (I-AES): A factor analytic study on a sample of 156 acute psychiatric in-patients
Open accessAbstract
Coercive treatments are often regarded as an inevitable and yet highly debated feature of psychiatric care. Perceived coercion is often reported by patients involuntarily committed as well as their voluntary counterparts. The Admission Experience Survey (AES) is a reliable tool for measuring perceived coercion in mental hospital admission. We developed the Italian AES (I-AES) through translation back-translation and administered it to 156 acutely hospitalized patients (48% women, 69% voluntarily committed) in two university hospitals in Rome (Policlinico Umberto I, Sant'Andrea Hospital). A principal component analysis (PCA) with equamax rotation was conducted. The I-AES showed good internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = 0.90); Guttmann split-half reliability coefficient was 0.90. AES total score significantly differed between voluntary and involuntary committed patients (5.08 ± 4.1 vs. 8.1 ± 4.9, p < .05). PCA disclosed a three-factor solution explaining 59.3 of the variance. Some discrepancies were found between the factor structure of the I-AES and the original version. I-AES total score was positively associated with numbers of previous involuntarily hospitalization (r = 0.20, p < .05) and psychiatric symptoms' severity (r = 0.22, p < .02). I-AES and its proposed new factor structure proved to be reliable to assess perceived coercion in mental hospital admission. Consequently, it may represent a helpful instrument for the study and reduction of patients' levels of perceived coercion.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Patients with a history of involuntary admission reported higher perceived coercion.
“Additionally, patients with a history of involuntary admission reported higher perceived coercion [14,74,75,81,89,98,131]”
From Factors Associated with Perceived Coercion in Adults Receiving Psychiatric Care: A Scoping Review (2025) · cites this paper as [131]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
The citation lists haven’t been fetched yet
References 42 · Cited by 9
Research works printed but not linked: 1
- Ventura, J., Lukoff, D., Nuechterlein, K. H., Liberman, R. P., Green, M., & Shaner, A. (1993). Appendix 1: Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) Expanded Version (4.0) scales, anchor points and administration manual. International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research, 3, 227-243.
- Authors
- Mandarelli, G., Parmigiani, G., Trobia, F., Tessari, G., Roma, P., Biondi, M., & Ferracuti, S.
- Affiliations
- Sapienza University of Rome (IT)
- Corresponding author
- Mandarelli, Gabriele
- ORCID
- Venue
- International Journal of Law and Psychiatry
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2019-01
- Volume
- 62
- Pages
- 111-116
- ISSN
- 0160-2527 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2904136465
- Cited by
- 9
- References
- 42
- Citations by year
- 2025: 2 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 1
- FWCI
- 0.59
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- International Journal of Law and Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- IRIS Research product catalog (Sapienza University of Rome) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- IRIS UNIMORE (University of Modena and Reggio Emilia) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- CINECA IRIS Institutional Research Information System (University of Bari Aldo Moro) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Healthcare Decision-Making and Restraints
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychiatric care and mental health services
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Electroconvulsive Therapy Studies
- Keywords
- perceived coercion, involuntary psychiatric admission, psychiatric hospitalization, Italian translation, factor structure, psychometric reliability, acute psychiatric inpatients, voluntary commitments, involuntary admission
- MeSH terms
- Involuntary Commitment, Adult, Mental Disorders, Coercion, Commitment of Persons with Psychiatric Disorders, Commitment of Mentally Ill, Factor Analysis, Statistical, Female, Humans, Italy, Male, Patient Admission, Surveys and Questionnaires
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
