Signal integration between IFNγ and TLR signalling pathways in macrophages
Abstract
Macrophages are major effector cells of the innate immune system, and appropriate regulation of macrophage function requires the integration of multiple signalling inputs derived from the recognition of host factors (e.g. interferon-gamma/IFNgamma) and pathogen products (e.g. toll-like receptor/TLR agonists). The profound effects of IFNgamma pre-treatment ("priming") on TLR-induced macrophage activation have long been recognised, but many of the mechanisms underlying the priming phenotype have only recently been identified. This review summarises the known mechanisms of integration between the IFNgamma and TLR signalling pathways. Synergy occurs at multiple levels, ranging from signal recognition to convergence of signals at the promoters of target genes. In particular, the cross-talk between the IFNgamma, and LPS and CpG DNA signalling pathways is discussed.
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Priming of macrophages involves molecular mechanisms including upregulation of TLRs and accessory molecules, increased expression of MyD88 and NFκB activation, and synergy of transcription factors on TLR promoters.
“Priming of macrophages involves several molecular mechanisms99, including upregulation of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and accessory molecules (for example, CD14 for TLR-4); increased expression of intracellular signalling components that are essential for most TLRs, such as the adaptor protein MyD88 and downstream activation of nuclear factor-kappa B (NFκB); and synergy of transcription factors on”
From From inflammation to sickness and depression: when the immune system subjugates the brain (2008) · cites this paper as [99]
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References 114 · Cited by 288
- Authors
- Schroder, K., Sweet, M. J., & Hume, D. A.
- Affiliations
- The University of Queensland (AU)
- Corresponding author
- Hume, David A.
- Venue
- Immunobiology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2006-09
- Volume
- 211
- Issue
- 6-8
- Pages
- 511-524
- ISSN
- 0171-2985 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2056912730
- Cited by
- 288
- References
- 114
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 16 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 15 · 2017: 13 · 2016: 21 · 2015: 27 · 2014: 16 · 2013: 22 · 2012: 15
- FWCI
- 1.61
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Immunobiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Immune Response and Inflammation
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Immune responses and vaccinations
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology
- Keywords
- interferon-gamma, Toll-like receptor signaling, macrophage activation, signal integration, innate immunity, macrophage priming, transcriptional synergy
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Humans, Interferon-gamma, Macrophages, Signal Transduction, Toll-Like Receptors
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