The DOI matches its Crossref record; 49 of the 50 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Inflammasomes Coordinate Pyroptosis and Natural Killer Cell Cytotoxicity to Clear Infection by a Ubiquitous Environmental Bacterium
Open accessAbstract
Defective neutrophils in patients with chronic granulomatous disease (CGD) cause susceptibility to extracellular and intracellular infections. Microbes must first be ejected from intracellular niches to expose them to neutrophil attack, so we hypothesized that inflammasomes detect certain CGD pathogens upstream of neutrophil killing. Here, we identified one such ubiquitous environmental bacterium, Chromobacterium violaceum, whose extreme virulence was fully counteracted by the NLRC4 inflammasome. Caspase-1 protected via two parallel pathways that eliminated intracellular replication niches. Pyroptosis was the primary bacterial clearance mechanism in the spleen, but both pyroptosis and interleukin-18 (IL-18)-driven natural killer (NK) cell responses were required for liver defense. NK cells cleared hepatocyte replication niches via perforin-dependent cytotoxicity, whereas interferon-γ was not required. These insights suggested a therapeutic approach: exogenous IL-18 restored perforin-dependent cytotoxicity during infection by the inflammasome-evasive bacterium Listeria monocytogenes. Therefore, inflammasomes can trigger complementary programmed cell death mechanisms, directing sterilizing immunity against intracellular bacterial pathogens.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“Nlrc4−/− mice (which are unable to normally activate CASP1) succumb to low amounts of otherwise innocuous environmental opportunists (e.g., Chromobacterium violaceum) [639].”
From Molecular mechanisms of cell death: recommendations of the nomenclature committee on cell death 2018. (2018) · cites this paper as [639]
Citations
Cites
Kägi, D., Ledermann, B., Bürki, K., Seiler, P. J., Odermatt, B., Olsen, K. J., Podack, E. R., Zinkernagel, R. M., & Hengartner, H. (1994) · Nature · doi:10.1038/369031a0 · Cited by 1,758
Caspase-1-induced pyroptosis is an innate immune effector mechanism against intracellular bacteria
Miao, E. A., Leaf, I. A., Treuting, P. M., Mao, D. P., Dors, M., Sarkar, A., Warren, S. E., Wewers, M. D., & Aderem, A. (2010) · Nature Immunology · doi:10.1038/ni.1960 · Cited by 1,336
Self-citationThe NLRC4 inflammasome receptors for bacterial flagellin and type III secretion apparatus
Zhao, Y., Yang, J., Shi, J., Gong, Y., Lu, Q., Xu, H., Liu, L., & Shao, F. (2011) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature10510 · Cited by 1,310
Allen, I. C., Scull, M. A., Moore, C. B., Holl, E. K., McElvania-TeKippe, E., Taxman, D. J., Guthrie, E. H., Pickles, R. J., & Ting, J. P.-Y. (2009) · Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.immuni.2009.02.005 · Cited by 1,113
Syk kinase signalling couples to the Nlrp3 inflammasome for anti-fungal host defence
Groß, O., Poeck, H., Bscheider, M., Dostert, C., Hannesschläger, N., Endres, S., Hartmann, G., Tardivel, A., Schweighoffer, E., Tybulewicz, V. L. J., et al. (2009) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature07965 · Cited by 947
Innate immune detection of the type III secretion apparatus through the NLRC4 inflammasome
Miao, E. A., Mao, D. P., Yudkovsky, N., Bonneau, R., Lorang, C. G., Warren, S. E., Leaf, I. A., & Aderem, A. A. (2010) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0913087107 · Cited by 838
Self-citationThomas, P. G., Dash, P., Aldridge, J. R., Ellebedy, A. H., Reynolds, C., Funk, A. J., Martin, W. J., Lamkanfi, M., Webby, R. J., Boyd, K. L., et al. (2009) · Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.immuni.2009.02.006 · Cited by 769
IL-1 receptor antagonist ameliorates inflammasome-dependent alcoholic steatohepatitis in mice
Petrasek, J., Bala, S., Csak, T., Lippai, D., Kodys, K., Menashy, V., Barrieau, M., Min, S.-Y., Kurt-Jones, E. A., & Szabo, G. (2012) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci60777 · Cited by 735
The AIM2 inflammasome is critical for innate immunity to Francisella tularensis
Fernandes-Alnemri, T., Yu, J.-W., Juliana, C., Solorzano, L., Kang, S., Wu, J., Datta, P., McCormick, M., Huang, L., McDermott, E., et al. (2010) · Nature Immunology · doi:10.1038/ni.1859 · Cited by 732
Melioidosis: insights into the pathogenicity of Burkholderia pseudomallei
Wiersinga, W. J., van der Poll, T., White, N. J., Day, N., & Peacock, S. J. (2006) · Nature Reviews Microbiology · doi:10.1038/nrmicro1385 · Cited by 586
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 101–165 of 165
Construction of a pyroptosis-related classifier for risk prediction of acute myocardial infarction
Guo, K., Zhuo, Z., Chen, P., Wu, H., Yang, Q., Li, J., Jiang, R., Mao, Q., Chen, H. H., & Sha, W. (2022) · Reviews in Cardiovascular Medicine · doi:10.31083/j.rcm2302052 · Cited by 11
New concepts in Chlamydia induced inflammasome responses
Webster, S. J., & GOODALL, J. C. (2017) · Microbes and Infection · doi:10.1016/j.micinf.2017.11.011 · Cited by 11
Identification of D359-0396 as a novel inhibitor of the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome
Li, Z., Ji, S., Wu, C., Wu, J., Cao, R., Wang, Y., Xu, Y., Li, J., & Zhang, C. (2023) · Neurochemistry International · doi:10.1016/j.neuint.2023.105565 · Cited by 10
Apoptotic signaling clears engineered Salmonella in an organ-specific manner
Abele, T. J., Billman, Z. P., Li, L., Harvest, C. K., Bryan, A. K., Magalski, G. R., Lopez, J. P., Larson, H. N., Yin, X., & Miao, E. A. (2023) · eLife · doi:10.7554/elife.89210 · Cited by 16
Self-citationYang, Y., Zhao, M., Kuang, Q.-X., You, F., & Jiang, Y. (2024) · Phytomedicine · doi:10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155451 · Cited by 9
Zhou, J., Guo, H., Liu, L., Feng, M.-L., Yang, X., & Hao, S. (2022) · Aging · doi:10.18632/aging.204302 · Cited by 8
Che, S., Xie, X., Lin, J., Liu, Y., Xie, J., & Liu, E. (2023) · Combinatorial Chemistry & High Throughput Screening · doi:10.2174/0113862073256465231024075452 · Cited by 8
Cui, J.-G., Zhang, H., Zhang, Y., Sun, B., Li, X., Zhao, Y. P., & Li, J. (2025) · Journal of Hazardous Materials · doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2025.140148 · Cited by 7
Mathematical Models of Death Signaling Networks
Srinivasan, M., Clarke, R. C., & Kraikivski, P. (2022) · Entropy · doi:10.3390/e24101402 · Cited by 8
Insight to Pyroptosis in Viral Infectious Diseases
Li, J., Chen, L., Zhou, C., Bai, Y., Zhao, R., Zhang, J., Xu, X., Ge, X., & Qiu, Y. (2021) · Health · doi:10.4236/health.2021.135043 · Cited by 7
Luo, L., Yao, X., & Xiang, J. (2022) · Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity · doi:10.1155/2022/1749111 · Cited by 7
Sun, P., Wang, X., Zhong, J., Yu, D., Xuan, H., Xu, T., Song, D., Yang, C., Wang, P., Liu, Y., et al. (2023) · Frontiers in Genetics · doi:10.3389/fgene.2023.1087563 · Cited by 8
Liu, J., Liu, W., Lv, P., Wang, Y., & Ouyang, X. (2023) · Journal of Dental Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.jds.2023.05.008 · Cited by 6
Chemokine expression profile of an innate granulomaPreprint
Amason, M. E., Beatty, C. J., Harvest, C. K., Saban, D. R., & Miao, E. A. (2024) · eLife · doi:10.7554/elife.96425 · Cited by 6
Self-citationGao, S., Wu, W., Xiao, X., Li, J., Lei, S., Wang, L., Han, X., & Lou, Y. (2025) · Veterinary Research · doi:10.1186/s13567-025-01620-x · Cited by 5
Huang, Y., Liu, B., Hu, C., & Lu, Y. (2025) · Protein & Cell · doi:10.1093/procel/pwaf027 · Cited by 4
Ibrahim, Y. M., Abouwarda, A. M., & Assar, N. H. (2020) · The Egyptian Journal of Medical Microbiology · doi:10.21608/ejmm.2020.249873 · Cited by 3
Chemokine expression profile of an innate granuloma
Amason, M. E., Beatty, C. J., Harvest, C. K., Saban, D. R., & Miao, E. A. (2024) · eLife · doi:10.7554/elife.96425.3 · Cited by 3
Self-citationAn innate granuloma eradicates an environmental pathogen using Gsdmd and Nos2Preprint
Harvest, C. K., Abele, T. J., Chen, Y., Beatty, C. J., Amason, M. E., Billman, Z. P., DePrizio, M. A., Lacey, C. A., Maltez, V. I., Larson, H. N., et al. (2023) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2023.03.07.531568 · Cited by 3
Self-citationTie, Y., & Xu, J. (2025) · Bulletin du Cancer · doi:10.1016/j.bulcan.2024.11.009 · Cited by 2
Chemokine expression profile of an innate granulomaPreprint
Amason, M. E., Beatty, C. J., Harvest, C. K., Saban, D. R., & Miao, E. A. (2024) · eLife · doi:10.7554/elife.96425.2 · Cited by 2
Self-citationValidation of the Intermolecular Disulfide Bond in Caspase-2
Amason, M. E., Li, L., Harvest, C. K., Lacey, C. A., & Miao, E. A. (2024) · Biology · doi:10.3390/biology13010049 · Cited by 1
Self-citationLian, H., Wang, J., Yan, S., Chen, K., & Jin, L. (2024) · Annals of Medicine · doi:10.1080/07853890.2024.2412831 · Cited by 1
Bacterial CipB is an exogenous receptor to drive the mitophagy-TFEB axis and promote pathogenesis
Liu, S., Ma, L., Lv, R., Guo, L., Pan, X., Hu, S., & Li, S. (2025) · The Journal of Cell Biology · doi:10.1083/jcb.202503028 · Cited by 1
Jiang, N., Zhu, J., Zhou, J., Chen, W., Zhao, Z., Lin, W., & Yu, Y. (2026) · Experimental Eye Research · doi:10.1016/j.exer.2026.110896 · Cited by 1
Gasdermins against intracellular bacterial pathogens
de Souza, F. W., Liu, Y., Trujillo, J., & Miao, E. A. (2026) · Nature Microbiology · doi:10.1038/s41564-026-02272-z · Cited by 1
Self-citationSchuindt, C. P., Batista, B. B., Cesetti, L., Neto, S. P. L., Soldati, T., & Neto, J. F. D. S. (2026) · BioMetals · doi:10.1007/s10534-026-00828-4 · Cited by 1
Santoni, K., Péricat, D., Pinilla, M., Bagayoko, S., Hessel, A., Leon‐Icaza, S. A., Bellard, E., Mazères, S., Doz, E., Winter, N., et al. (2021) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2021.06.28.450116 · Cited by 2
Triantafilou, K. (2019) · Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature · doi:10.3410/f.734357156.793560837 · Cited by 1
Apoptotic signaling clears engineered Salmonella in an organ-specific mannerPreprint
Abele, T. J., Billman, Z. P., Li, L., Harvest, C. K., Bryan, A. K., Magalski, G. R., Lopez, J. P., Larson, H. N., Yin, X., & Miao, E. A. (2023) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2023.05.06.539681 · Cited by 1
Self-citationApoptotic signaling clears engineered Salmonella in an organ-specific mannerPreprint
Abele, T. J., Billman, Z. P., Li, L., Harvest, C. K., Bryan, A. K., Magalski, G. R., Lopez, J. P., Larson, H. N., Yin, X., & Miao, E. A. (2023) · eLife · doi:10.7554/elife.89210.1 · Cited by 1
Self-citationApoptotic signaling clears engineered Salmonella in an organ-specific mannerPreprint
Abele, T. J., Billman, Z. P., Li, L., Harvest, C. K., Bryan, A. K., Magalski, G. R., Lopez, J. P., Larson, H. N., Yin, X., & Miao, E. A. (2023) · eLife · doi:10.7554/elife.89210.2 · Cited by 1
Self-citationChemokine expression profile of an innate granulomaPreprint
Amason, M. E., Harvest, C. K., Beatty, C. J., Saban, D. R., & Miao, E. A. (2024) · eLife · doi:10.7554/elife.96425.1 · Cited by 1
Self-citationSalmonella SPI2 evades detection by NAIP/NLRC4 despite utilization of a detectable needlePreprint
Guo, J. (., Lakhani, F., Vientos, C. G., Li, L., & Miao, E. A. (2026) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.64898/2026.01.05.696446 · Cited by 1
Self-citationMecanismos de captação de ferro por sideróforos em Chromobacterium violaceum
Batista, B. B. (2019) · Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations (Universidade de São Paulo) · doi:10.11606/d.17.2019.tde-20112018-110439
Inflammasomes and Cytotoxic Lymphocytes Clear Bacteria From Different Intracellular Niches
Maltez, V. I. (2019) · Carolina Digital Repository (University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill) · doi:10.17615/1sz6-ya65
Self-citationPapel de proteínas VgrG parálogas no sistema de secreção do tipo VI de Chromobacterium violaceum
Leal, F. C. (2020) · Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations (Universidade de São Paulo) · doi:10.11606/d.17.2020.tde-04012021-111327
Mecanismos de captação de heme em Chromobacterium violaceum
de Lima, V. M. (2020) · Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations (Universidade de São Paulo) · doi:10.11606/d.17.2020.tde-02122020-111636
Mechanisms of immunity and inflammation in Brucella-induced arthritis
Lacey, C. A. (2018) · MOspace Institutional Repository (University of Missouri) · doi:10.32469/10355/68911
Batista, J. H. (2021) · Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations (Universidade de São Paulo) · doi:10.11606/t.17.2021.tde-05112021-113321
Oh, C., Li, L., Verma, A., Reuven, A. D., Miao, E. A., Bliska, J. B., & Aachoui, Y. (2022) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.4019721
Self-citationFreire, R. S. (2022) · Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations (Universidade de São Paulo) · doi:10.11606/d.17.2022.tde-06052022-145013
Caracterização do sistema de secreção do tipo II de Chromobacterium violaceum
Barroso, K. C. M. (2022) · Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations (Universidade de São Paulo) · doi:10.11606/t.17.2022.tde-03102022-091324
Batista, B. B. (2023) · Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations (Universidade de São Paulo) · doi:10.11606/t.17.2023.tde-10102023-155258
Yan, C., Niu, Y., Li, F., Zhao, W., & Ma, L. (2022) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.21285765
Vias de sinalização e de regulação das beta-lactamases de Chromobacterium violaceum
Alves, L. G. L. (2024) · Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations (Universidade de São Paulo) · doi:10.11606/d.17.2024.tde-13052024-153046
Yan, C., Niu, Y., Li, F., Zhao, W., & Ma, L. (2022) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.21285774
Yan, C., Niu, Y., Li, F., Zhao, W., & Ma, L. (2022) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.21285786
Yan, C., Niu, Y., Li, F., Zhao, W., & Ma, L. (2022) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.21285777
Chen, H., Deng, Y., Gan, X., Li, Y., Huang, W., Lu, L., Wei, L., Su, L., Luo, J., Zou, B., et al. (2020) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.12134238
Yan, C., Niu, Y., Li, F., Zhao, W., & Ma, L. (2022) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.21285789
Yan, C., Niu, Y., Li, F., Zhao, W., & Ma, L. (2022) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.21285783
Yan, C., Niu, Y., Li, F., Zhao, W., & Ma, L. (2022) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.21285771
Yan, C., Niu, Y., Li, F., Zhao, W., & Ma, L. (2022) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.21285780
Yan, C., Niu, Y., Li, F., Zhao, W., & Ma, L. (2022) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.21285792
Yan, C., Niu, Y., Li, F., Zhao, W., & Ma, L. (2022) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.21285768
Chen, H., Deng, Y., Gan, X., Li, Y., Huang, W., Lu, L., Wei, L., Su, L., Luo, J., Zou, B., et al. (2020) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.12134250
Yan, C., Niu, Y., Li, F., Zhao, W., & Ma, L. (2022) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.21285762
Suarez-Rivero, J. M., Muela‐Zarzuela, I., Astorga-Gamaza, A., Antón, R., Bali, S., Tamargo‐Azpilicueta, J., Guerra‐Castellano, A., de la Varga‐Martínez, R., García-Cuesta, D., Díaz‐Moreno, I., et al. (2026) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.64898/2026.01.26.701718
Nicoletti, S. (2017) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/89efde8dzf329z4c08zad57z08ffd23d7992
New roles of the Lyn tyrosine kinase in psoriasis development and cell death
Diaz, L. E. A. (2018) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/3deccde8zd3dez40abzbda2ze9b04bfdfd62
Pathogen hijacks focal adhesion signaling by a T3SS effector CteX
Pan, X., Zhao, Y., Luo, J., Ding, L., Ma, L.-N., Li, Y., Xue, J., Tao, X., Ouyang, S., & Li, S. (2026) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.2530673123
Cytokines driven by caspase-1 and RIPK3 are antagonisticPreprint
Li, L., Guo, J. (., Wang, Y., Lacey, C. A., Liu, Y., Peng, J., Li, Y., Larson, H. N., Pratt, M. N., Tummers, B., et al. (2026) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.64898/2026.06.19.733458 · Cited by 1
Self-citationLiu, S., Ma, P., Ding, B., & Lin, J. (2026) · Advanced Materials · doi:10.1002/adma.74250
Metadata
- Authors
- Maltez, V. I., Tubbs, A. L., Cook, K. D., Aachoui, Y., Falcone, E. L., Holland, S. M., Whitmire, J. K., & Miao, E. A.
- Affiliations
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (US)
- National Institutes of Health (US)
- Corresponding author
- Miao, Edward A.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Immunity
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2015-11
- Volume
- 43
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 987-997
- ISSN
- 1074-7613 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC4654968
- OpenAlex
- W2111822935
- Cited by
- 165
- References
- 50
- Citations by year
- 2026: 8 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 13 · 2023: 17 · 2022: 30 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 21 · 2019: 13 · 2018: 21 · 2017: 16 · 2016: 9
- FWCI
- 6.65
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Immunity (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Carolina Digital Repository (University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill) (submittedVersion)
- UNC Libraries
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (T32 AI7273-27, AI057141)
- National Cancer Institute (P30CA016086)
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (T32AI7273-27, R01AI119073, U54AI057141, AI119073, R01AI074862, AI097518-02S1, R56AI110682, T32AI007273, R01AI097518, AI097518, AI057141)
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (P30-CA016086)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Inflammasome and immune disorders
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Immune Response and Inflammation
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Neutrophil, Myeloperoxidase and Oxidative Mechanisms
- Keywords
- inflammasome, NLRC4 inflammasome, pyroptosis, natural killer cells, NK cell cytotoxicity, perforin, Chromobacterium violaceum, chronic granulomatous disease, caspase-1, IL-18, Listeria monocytogenes, intracellular bacterial pathogens, bacterial clearance, liver infection, spleen, sterilizing immunity
- MeSH terms
- Pyroptosis, Animals, Bacterial Infections, Calcium-Binding Proteins, Chromobacterium, Granulomatous Disease, Chronic, Interferon-gamma, Killer Cells, Natural, Listeriosis, Listeria monocytogenes, Liver, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Neutrophils, Spleen, Cell Death, Caspase 1, Interleukin-18, Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins, Mice, Inflammasomes
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review