Cited by 196Guidance and Control SystemsAdaptive Control of Nonlinear SystemsAerospace Engineering and Control Systems

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Back-stepping active disturbance rejection control design for integrated missile guidance and control system via reduced-order ESO

Xingling, Shao, Honglun, Wang·2015·ISA Transactions

DOI 10.1016/j.isatra.2015.02.013

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Abstract

This paper proposes a novel composite integrated guidance and control (IGC) law for missile intercepting against unknown maneuvering target with multiple uncertainties and control constraint. First, by using back-stepping technique, the proposed IGC law design is separated into guidance loop and control loop. The unknown target maneuvers and variations of aerodynamics parameters in guidance and control loop are viewed as uncertainties, which are estimated and compensated by designed model-assisted reduced-order extended state observer (ESO). Second, based on the principle of active disturbance rejection control (ADRC), enhanced feedback linearization (FL) based control law is implemented for the IGC model using the estimates generated by reduced-order ESO. In addition, performance analysis and comparisons between ESO and reduced-order ESO are examined. Nonlinear tracking differentiator is employed to construct the derivative of virtual control command in the control loop. Third, the closed-loop stability for the considered system is established. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed IGC law in enhanced interception performance such as smooth interception course, improved robustness against multiple uncertainties as well as reduced control consumption during initial phase are demonstrated through simulations.

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From PID to Active Disturbance Rejection Control
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Yan, 2013, Adaptive integrated guidance and control based on backstepping and input-to-state stability, Asian J Control, 1
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Jiang, C., Lv, R., Tu, H., Yang, F., & Du, X. J. (2018) · IEEE CSAA Guidance, Navigation and Control Conference (CGNCC) · doi:10.1109/gncc42960.2018.9019042
Design of integrated Guidance and control system in the pitch channel using observer based chattering free sliding mode theory
Rajabi, M. J., Vali, A., & Behnamgol, V. (2020) · Journal of Control · doi:10.29252/joc.14.1.49
Distributed formation control of autonomous underwater vehicles without velocity measurement
Zhang, Y., Wang, S., & Wang, X. (2020) · IEEE Conference on Industrial Electronics and Applications (ICIEA) · doi:10.1109/iciea48937.2020.9248128
“According to Theorem 1 in [18], it can be deduced that 0 ˆ i i D D D η η = − converge to an arbitrarily small neighborhood of zero if 0 D and 0 D are bounded.”
Background
A new three-dimensional guidance law based on reduced-order extended state observer for highly maneuvering targets
Ma, P., Chen, S., & Zhao, Z. (2021) · IEEE Data Driven Control and Learning Systems Conference (DDCLS) · doi:10.1109/ddcls52934.2021.9455533
“In [9, 11], for 2-D guidance problem, the unknown target maneuvers and variations of aerodynamics parameters were online estimated and compensated by model-assisted reduced-order extended state observer (RESO).”
BackgroundMethod
UDE-based nonlinear path-following control of autonomous underwater vehicles with multiple uncertainties and input saturationPreprint
Miao, J., Deng, K., Sun, X., Xi, G., Chao, P., Tao, L., & Haosu, Z. (2022) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-1612064/v1
Tracking Differentiation Guidance Law Based on Backstepping Control
Jiaqi, L., Bailin, C., Wenlong, Y., Shi, Z., & Wei, W. (2023) · Lecture notes in electrical engineering · doi:10.1007/978-981-19-6613-2_488
Glide Guided Bomb Longitudinal Controller Design Based on Active Disturbance Rejection Control
Zhao, L., Wang, M., Wei, L., & Li, G. (2023) · Lecture notes in electrical engineering · doi:10.1007/978-981-19-6613-2_645
TRAJECTORY TRACKING OF NONHOLONOMIC CONSTRAINT MOBILE ROBOT BASED ON ADRC, 1-9. SI
Pu, C., Ren, J., Zhai, Y., & Zhang, Y. (2023) · Control and Intelligent Systems · doi:10.2316/j.2023.201-0344
Command Filtered Backstepping Control of a Two-Link Flexible Joint Manipulator with Uncertainties Based on Reduced-Order ESO
Fei, X., Pan, C., Zhou, L., Xiong, P., & Li, M. (2023) · IEEE Data Driven Control and Learning Systems Conference (DDCLS) · doi:10.1109/ddcls58216.2023.10165812
“In [14], a reduced-order ESO (RESO), which makes full use of the measurable system state information and does not need any transformations, was proposed.”
Background
Time-Varying Formation Tracking Control for High-Order Strict-Feedback Nonlinear Swarm Systems with Multiple Leaders
Yu, J., Dong, X., & Ren, Z. (2023) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-981-99-2858-3_5
The Design of Adaptive Integrated Guidance and Control Subjected to State Constraints and Multiple Uncertainties
Bai, Y., Yan, T., Han, B., Fu, W., & Shen, Y. (2023) · Conference on Fully Actuated System Theory and Applications (FASTA) · doi:10.1109/cfasta57821.2023.10243238
“…have been applied to integrated guidance and control design, and a series of research results have been achieved, including model predictive control [3], sliding mode control [4], trajectory linearization control [5], adaptive control [6], active disturbance rejection control [7], methods [8] etc.”
Method
A Novel A-ESO Composited Non-Recursive Control Methodology for Complex High-Order Disturbed Nonlinear Systems
Zhang, C., Liu, S., & Liu, S. (2023) · Chinese Control Conference (CCC) · doi:10.23919/ccc58697.2023.10239789
Integrated Guidance and Control System of Launch Vehicle (Zenit-2) Using Backstepping Control with Non-Linear Disturbance Observer for Low Earth Orbit (LEO) Applications
Iqbal, M. T., Khushnood, A., & Majid, A. (2023) · International Bhurban Conference on Applied Sciences and Technology (IBCAST) · doi:10.1109/ibcast59916.2023.10712992
“Literature [25] provides an IGC rule for missile interception against an unknown moving target with numerous uncertainties evaluated and compensated by a reduced-order extended state observer with tailored model assistance.”
Background
WITHDRAWN: Reentry vehicle fixed-time terminal guidance and attitude control with impact angle constraints
Wei, S., Li, J., Kang, H., & Song, S. (2024) · Advances in Space Research · doi:10.1016/j.asr.2024.10.035
Retracted
Tổng hợp bộ điều khiển Backstepping tối ưu với bộ quan sát mở rộng thích nghi cho hệ thống điều khiển tên lửa
Đinh, H. T., Giang, L. N., Khoa, T. D., & Dinh, N. C. (2025) · Journal of Military Science and Technology · doi:10.54939/1859-1043.j.mst.102.2025.3-11
Xây dựng và phát triển thuật toán cho bài toán bắn mục tiêu trên thiết bị ngầm
Xuan, T. V., Văn, T. N., Văn, C. P., & Văn, C. P. (2025) · Journal of Military Science and Technology · doi:10.54939/1859-1043.j.mst.103.2025.92-101
RESO-based backstepping control of nonlinear systems preceded by hysteresis in piezoelectric actuators
Chen, L., & Zhao, X. (2025) · Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers Part I Journal of Systems and Control Engineering · doi:10.1177/09596518251341549
A Fast Robust Integrated Guidance and Control Scheme for Flight Vehicles Based on Convergence Rate Estimation Mechanism
Ye, T., Xu, W., Zheng, Y., Ma, Q., Zhu, P., & Deng, Y. (2026) · Aerospace · doi:10.3390/aerospace13010072
“Nevertheless, uncertainties in the flight vehicle’s control system, including model uncertainties, parameter perturbations, and external disturbances, may degrade interception performance and even threaten system stability [4].”
Command filter based active fault tolerant control of missiles intercepting maneuvering target
Abubakar, A. N., Nasir, A. A., & Saif, A. A. (2026) · Aerospace Systems · doi:10.1007/s42401-026-00447-4
Bayesian Optimization‐Active Disturbance Rejection Lateral Stability Control Method for Distributed‐Drive Electric Vehicles
Mao, Y., Meng, Q., Qian, C., & Sun, Z. (2026) · International Journal of Robust and Nonlinear Control · doi:10.1002/rnc.70468
“Their designed observer only requires tuning one parameter [15].”
Finite-time trajectory control of ROV based on disturbance observer
Tang, H., Wu, Z., Bo, X. U., Bhatti, U. A., & Kang, S. U. (2026) · Hainan Daxue xuebao. Ziran kexue ban · doi:10.65658/j.hndk.2025110402
Data-driven adaptive gain tuning for the augmented homogeneous differentiator
Chen, X., Jin, S., Zhao, D., & Wang, X. Y. (2026) · Engineering Research Express · doi:10.1088/2631-8695/ae88b9
Data-Driven Robust Attitude Control for Uncrewed Aerial Vehicles With Time-Varying Input Gain
Xiong, Z., Xu, Y., Pian, X., & Liu, D. (2026) · IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems · doi:10.1109/taes.2026.3731280
“Thismoti-vationledtothedevelopmentofthereduced-orderESO (RESO)[15].”
A new enhanced reduced-order LADRC with LuGre model feedforward for high-precision optoelectronic stabilization platforms
lu, S., 宋瑞恩, Li, X., Jiang, P., & Zhou, W. (2026) · Journal of the Franklin Institute · doi:10.1016/j.jfranklin.2026.109184

Authors: Xingling, S., & Honglun, W.
Affiliations: Beihang University (CN)
Corresponding author: Honglun, Wang
Venue: ISA Transactions
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2015-07
Volume: 57
Pages: 10-22
ISSN: 0019-0578 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/j.isatra.2015.02.013
OpenAlex: W2008500509
Cited by: 196
References: 25
Citations by year: 2026: 8 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 20 · 2023: 20 · 2022: 16 · 2021: 14 · 2020: 19 · 2019: 27 · 2018: 25 · 2017: 21 · 2016: 13 · 2015: 2
FWCI: 29.52
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations: ISA Transactions (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: National Natural Science Foundation of China (61175084/F030601)
Program for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in University (IRT 13004)
Aeronautical Science Foundation of China (2014ZA51002)
Topics: Physical Sciences › Engineering › Aerospace Engineering › Guidance and Control Systems
Physical Sciences › Engineering › Control and Systems Engineering › Adaptive Control of Nonlinear Systems
Physical Sciences › Engineering › Aerospace Engineering › Aerospace Engineering and Control Systems
Keywords: integrated guidance and control, missile intercept, backstepping control, active disturbance rejection control, reduced-order extended state observer, feedback linearization, nonlinear tracking differentiator, input constraints, robustness to uncertainty, closed-loop stability

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Back-stepping active disturbance rejection control design for integrated missile guidance and control system via reduced-order ESO

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