A Randomized Crossover Trial of Ivabradine, Propranolol, and Placebo in Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome

Background Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS) is characterized by an excessive orthostatic heart rate increase and lacks approved pharmacologic therapies. Objectives The objective of the study was to compare hemodynamic effects of ivabradine and propranolol and assess medication pre…