Patient-reported outcome measures for adult chronic rhinosinusitis: A systematic review and quality assessment
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Background With a focus on patient-centered care, there is increasing policy interest in patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) to inform improvements in health care delivery. Given the importance of understanding patient-reported outcomes during the management of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS), PROMs will play an essential role in informing and tailoring the right intervention to the right patient. Objective The objective of this systematic review was to identify and assess the quality of PROMs being used for adults with CRS. Methods A systematic review of Ovid MEDLINE (R) (1947-May 2015), Embase, and the Cochrane databases was performed using the following key terms: ["chronic" AND "*sinusitis"] AND [PROM OR patient reported outcome measure* OR quality of life OR questionnaire OR survey OR valid* OR develop*]. An unlimited truncation strategy (placement of *) was used to capture all variations of terms used. The quality of each PROM was assessed and reported using standardized criteria from the COnsensus-based Standards for the selection of health status Measurement INstruments checklist. Results A total of 15 PROMs validated for use in adult patients with CRS were identified. Fourteen instruments were specific to adults with CRS, and one was a generic quality-of-life instrument (EuroQol five-dimensional questionnaire [EQ-5D]). There was significant variation in the quality of development and reporting of psychometric properties. Overall, the highest quality validated PROMs for adults with CRS were (1) the 22-item Sinonasal Outcome Test (19 points), (2) the Questionnaire of Olfactory Disorders (14 points), (3) the Sinusitis Control Test (14 points), and (4) the EQ-5D (13 points). Most of the PROMs were developed for research purposes such as determining changes in health-related quality of life or symptoms after an intervention as opposed to improving clinical decision making. Conclusions Based on quality assessment, the 22-item Sinonasal Outcome Test, the Questionnaire of Olfactory Disorders, and the Sinusitis Control Test provided the highest quality CRS-specific PROMs, whereas the EQ-5D provided the highest quality generic quality-of-life instrument. Future CRS PROMs will need to incorporate clinical domains that assess common comorbid diseases along with patient values and preferences to improve clinical decision making.
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The EuroQOL-5 Dimensions (EQ-5D) is the most commonly used generic questionnaire.
“The EuroQOL-5 Dimensions (EQ-5D) is the most commonly used generic questionnaire [88].”
From Position Paper on Nasal Obstruction: Evaluation and Treatment (2018) · cites this paper as [88]
The PROM characteristics for CRS section identifies EQ-5D as a generic questionnaire and the only generic instrument validated in the CRS population. Neither that section nor the Appendix’s EQ-5D description establishes that it is the most commonly used generic questionnaire; validation status is not a measure of usage. (LLM, conf=0.86)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredSNOT-22 stands out for its usefulness in chronic rhinosinusitis, and the Rhinosinusitis Disability Index, Questionnaire of Olfactory Disorders, and Sinusitis Control Test have also been validated.
“As for CRS (Table 4), SNOT-22 stands out because of its usefulness, although the Rhinosinusitis Disability Index, the Questionnaire of Olfactory Disorders, and the Sinusitis Control Test [88] have also been validated.”
From Position Paper on Nasal Obstruction: Evaluation and Treatment (2018) · cites this paper as [88]
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Quality criteria were proposed for measurement properties of health status questionnaires
Terwee, C. B., Bot, S. D. M., de Boer, M. R., van der Windt, D. A. W. M., Knol, D. L., Dekker, J., Bouter, L. M., & de Vet, H. C. W. (2007) · Journal of Clinical Epidemiology · doi:10.1016/j.jclinepi.2006.03.012 · Cited by 10,764 · see citing works
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Self-citationDevelopment and validity of the DyNaChron questionnaire for chronic nasal dysfunction
Kacha, S., Guillemin, F., & Jankowski, R. (2012) · European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology · doi:10.1007/s00405-011-1690-z · Cited by 59 · see citing works
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Cited by
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Velasquez, N., Thamboo, A., Habib, A. R., Huang, Z., & Nayak, J. V. (2017) · International Forum of Allergy & Rhinology · doi:10.1002/alr.21842 · Cited by 112 · see citing works
Position Paper on Nasal Obstruction: Evaluation and Treatment
SEAIC Rhinoconjunctivitis Committee & SEORL Rhinology, A., Valero, A., Navarro, A., del Cuvillo, A., Alobid, I., Benito, Jr., Colás, C., de los Santos, G., Fernández Liesa, R., García-Lliberós, A., et al. (2018) · Journal of Investigational Allergology and Clinical Immunology · doi:10.18176/jiaci.0232 · Cited by 76 · see citing works
- Authors
- Rudmik, L., Hopkins, C., Peters, A., Smith, T. L., Schlosser, R. J., & Soler, Z. M.
- Affiliations
- University of Calgary (CA)
- St Thomas' Hospital (GB)
- Northwestern University (US)
- Oregon Health & Science University (US)
- Medical University of South Carolina (US)
- Corresponding author
- Rudmik, Luke
- Venue
- Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2015-12
- Volume
- 136
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 1532-1540.e2
- ISSN
- 0091-6749 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2187272330
- Cited by
- 176
- References
- 3
- Citations by year
- 2026: 8 · 2025: 16 · 2024: 14 · 2023: 18 · 2022: 20 · 2021: 25 · 2020: 23 · 2019: 15 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 14 · 2016: 12
- FWCI
- 2.25
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders (005805)
- National Institutes of Health
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Otorhinolaryngology › Sinusitis and nasal conditions
- Social Sciences › Education › Health Education and Validation
- Social Sciences › Economics, Econometrics and Finance › Economics and Econometrics › Health Systems, Economic Evaluations, Quality of Life
- Keywords
- chronic rhinosinusitis, patient-reported outcome measures, health-related quality of life, instrument validation, psychometric properties, EQ-5D, patient-centered care
- MeSH terms
- Chronic Disease, Humans, Quality of Life, Surveys and Questionnaires, Rhinitis, Sinusitis, Patient Outcome Assessment
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