Technologies integration towards bio-fuels production: A state-of-the-art review
Open accessAbstract
Biomass is concerned as a most promising alternative energy resource. There are a number of biomass utilization technologies, most of which can be classified to either biological technology or thermo-chemical technology. Both have their specific bottleneck problems. Individual technology is currently almost reaching the ceiling, and technologies integration is thus proposed to make up drawbacks of individual technology with synergy effect. Technologies integration towards bio-fuels production include integration of biological technologies (e.g. algae cultivation from anaerobic digestate, secondary digestion of anaerobic digestate, anaerobic digestion of aerobic digestate, etc.), integration of thermo-chemical technologies (e.g. hydrodeoxygenation of bio-oils, steam reforming of fast bio-oils, cascade pyrolysis, etc.), and integration of biological technologies with thermo-chemical technologies (e.g. gasification of anaerobic digestate, pyrolysis of anaerobic digestate, carbonization of anaerobic digestate etc.). a comprehensive review concerning the state-of-the-art conceptual designs of technologies integration as well as their performances is urgently needed. Accordingly, this paper critically reviews: (1) State-of-the-art conceptual designs of integrated bio-fuel production systems; (2) Overall evaluation of different integrated technologies; (3) Insightful discussion on the future perspectives in this field. Concerning carbon conversion as an overall indicator for the performance of different technologies, it was found that the average carbon conversions were 70.71%, 75.29%, and 70.44% for integration of biological technologies, integration of thermo-chemical technologies, and integration of biological technologies with thermo-chemical technologies, respectively. This review is hoped to be beneficial for promoting future development of integrated bio-fuels production technologies.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Diverse processing pathways exist for converting microalgal biomass into biofuels, including biochemical methods like fermentation or anaerobic digestion, thermochemical methods such as pyrolysis or gasification to produce intermediates like bio-oil or syngas, and lipid extraction followed by transesterification to yield biodiesel.
“Diverse processing pathways exist for converting microalgal biomass into biofuels, including biochemical methods like fermentation or anaerobic digestion, thermochemical methods such as pyrolysis or gasification to produce intermediates like bio-oil or syngas, and lipid extraction followed by transesterification to yield biodiesel [163,164].”
From Biofuels, E-Fuels, and Waste-Derived Fuels: Advances, Challenges, and Future Directions (2025) · cites this paper as [164]
Cites
Qambrani, N. A., Rahman, M. M., Won, S., Shim, S., & Ra, C. (2017) · Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.rser.2017.05.057 · Cited by 774 · see citing works
Hydrothermal carbonization of anaerobically digested maize silage
Mumme, J., Eckervogt, L., Pielert, J., Diakité, M., Rupp, F., & Kern, J. (2011) · Bioresource Technology · doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2011.06.099 · Cited by 399 · see citing works
Xu, J., Zhao, Y., Zhao, G., & Zhang, H. (2015) · Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology · doi:10.1007/s00253-015-6537-x · Cited by 172 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Biofuels, E-Fuels, and Waste-Derived Fuels: Advances, Challenges, and Future Directions
Yılbaşı, Z. (2025) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su17136145 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
- Authors
- Tao, J., Ge, Y., Liang, R., Sun, Y., Cheng, Z., Yan, B., & Chen, G.
- Affiliations
- Tianjin University of Commerce (CN)
- Tianjin University (CN)
- Corresponding author
- Chen, Guanyi
- Venue
- Applications in Energy and Combustion Science
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2022-06
- Volume
- 10
- Pages
- 100070
- ISSN
- 2666-352X (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W4223916915
- Cited by
- 22
- References
- 3
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 3
- FWCI
- 1.38
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Applications in Energy and Combustion Science (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Natural Science Foundation of China (52100157)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Thermochemical Biomass Conversion Processes
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Biofuel production and bioconversion
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Building and Construction › Anaerobic Digestion and Biogas Production
- Keywords
- biofuel production, digestate, algae cultivation, anaerobic digestion, hydrodeoxygenation, bio-oil, steam reforming, gasification, pyrolysis, carbon conversion, thermochemical conversion, biotransformation
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
