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Experiences of American older adults with pre-existing depression during the beginnings of the covid-19 pandemic: A multicity, mixed-methods study.
Open accessAbstract
Objective To determine the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health of older adults with pre-existing major depressive disorder (MDD).Participants Participants were 73 community-living older adults with pre-existing MDD (mean age 69 [SD 6]) in Los Angeles, New York, Pittsburgh, and St Louis.Design and measurements During the first 2 months of the pandemic, the authors interviewed participants with a semistructured qualitative interview evaluating access to care, mental health, quality of life, and coping. The authors also assessed depression, anxiety, and suicidality with validated scales and compared scores before and during the pandemic.Results Five themes from the interviews highlight the experience of older adults with MDD: 1) They are more concerned about the risk of contracting the virus than the risks of isolation. 2) They exhibit resilience to the stress and isolation of physical distancing. 3) Most are not isolated socially, with virtual contact with friends and family. 4) Their quality of life is lower, and they worry their mental health will suffer with continued physical distancing. 5) They are outraged by an inadequate governmental response to the pandemic. Depression, anxiety, and suicidal ideation symptom scores did not differ from scores before the pandemic.Conclusion Most older adults with pre-existing MDD show resilience in the first 2 months of the COVID-19 pandemic but have concerns about the future. Policies and interventions to provide access to medical services and opportunities for social interaction are needed to help to maintain mental health and quality of life as the pandemic continues.
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“Neither Hamm et al., 2020 (trial participants with depression aged >60years) nor Hamza et al., 2021 (students) found clear evidence of increased risk of suicidal ideation (older adults) or NSSI (students) during the pandemic.”
From The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on self-harm and suicidal behaviour: update of living systematic review (2021) · cites this paper as Hamm et al., 2020
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“Six studies present repeat survey data, with measures recorded during, as well as before, the pandemic ( Hamm et al., 2020; Hamza et al., 2021; Raifman et al., 2020; Winkler et al., 2020; Wu et al., 2020b; Zhang et al., 2020).”
From The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on self-harm and suicidal behaviour: update of living systematic review (2021) · cites this paper as Hamm et al., 2020
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Metadata
- Authors
- Hamm, M. E., Brown, P. J., Karp, J. F., Lenard, E., Cameron, F., Dawdani, A., Lavretsky, H., Miller, J. P., Mulsant, B. H., Pham, V. T., Reynolds, C. F., Roose, S. P., & Lenze, E. J.
- Affiliations
- University of Pittsburgh (US)
- New York State Psychiatric Institute (US)
- Washington University in St. Louis (US)
- University of California, Los Angeles (US)
- University of Toronto (CA)
- Corresponding author
- Hamm, Megan E.
- ORCID
- Venue
- The American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2020-09
- Volume
- 28
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 924-932
- ISSN
- 1064-7481 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC7305766
- OpenAlex
- W3036710506
- Cited by
- 139
- References
- 14
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 18 · 2023: 20 · 2022: 39 · 2021: 47 · 2020: 9
- FWCI
- 11.47
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- University of Pittsburgh's Department of Psychiatry
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › COVID-19 and Mental Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Aging, Health, and Disability
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Mental Health Treatment and Access
- Keywords
- COVID-19 pandemic, older adults, major depressive disorder, mental health, social distancing, social isolation, resilience, quality of life, access to mental health care, anxiety, suicidal ideation, government pandemic response, community-dwelling older adults
- MeSH terms
- Betacoronavirus, COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, Aged, Anxiety, Major Depressive Disorder, Female, Humans, Male, Pneumonia, Viral, Quality of Life, United States, Comorbidity, Coronavirus Infections, Qualitative Research, Pandemics, Suicidal Ideation
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