The DOI matches its Crossref record; 40 of the 40 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
National Survey of Burnout among US General Surgery Residents
Open accessAbstract
BACKGROUND: Burnout is a complex syndrome of emotional distress that can disproportionately affect individuals who work in health care professions. STUDY DESIGN: For a national survey of burnout in US general surgery residents, we asked all ACGME-accredited general surgery program directors to email their general surgery residents an invitation to complete an anonymous, online survey. Burnout was assessed with the Maslach Burnout Inventory; total scores for Emotional Exhaustion (EE), Depersonalization (DP), and Personal Accomplishment (PA) subscales were calculated. Burnout was defined as having a score in the highest tertile for EE or DP or lowest tertile for PA. Chi-square tests and one-way ANOVA were used to test associations between burnout tertiles for each subscale and various resident and training-program characteristics as appropriate. RESULTS: From April to December 2014, six hundred and sixty-five residents actively engaged in clinical training had data for analysis; 69% met the criterion for burnout on at least one subscale. Higher burnout on each subscale was reported by residents planning private practice careers compared with academic careers. A greater proportion of women than men reported burnout on EE and PA. Higher burnout on EE and DP was associated with greater work hours per week. Having a structured mentoring program was associated with lower burnout on each subscale. CONCLUSIONS: The high rates of burnout among general surgery residents are concerning, given the potential impact of burnout on the quality of patient care. Efforts to identify at-risk populations and to design targeted interventions to mitigate burnout in surgical trainees are warranted.
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“More than half of general surgery residents consider quitting residency [15].”
From How can we increase the number of general and rural surgeons in the United States? A study of 789 graduates from 3 campuses who matched into general surgery over 40 Years: 1974 to 2015 (2018) · cites this paper as [15]
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Cites
Maslach, C., Schaufeli, W. B., & Leiter, M. P. (2001) · Annual Review of Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev.psych.52.1.397 · Cited by 12,852 · cited 2×
“Maslach and colleagues conceptualized burnout as an experience that results from a mismatch between one’s values and their work setting on at least one of the following dimensions: workload; perceived control over work experiences; rewards for work; sense of community; perceived fairness in the workplace; and personal…”
Background(1996) · Consulting Psychologists Press eBooks · Cited by 7,863
Burnout and self-reported patient care in an internal medicine residency program
Shanafelt, T. D., Bradley, K. A., Wipf, J. E., & Back, A. L. (2002) · Annals of Internal Medicine · doi:10.7326/0003-4819-136-5-200203050-00008 · Cited by 2,165
Burnout and Medical Errors Among American Surgeons
Shanafelt, T. D., Balch, C. M., Bechamps, G., Russell, T., Dyrbye, L., Satele, D., Collicott, P., Novotny, P. J., Sloan, J., & Freischlag, J. (2010) · Annals of Surgery · doi:10.1097/sla.0b013e3181bfdab3 · Cited by 2,099
Dyrbye, L. N., West, C. P., Satele, D., Boone, S., Tan, L., Sloan, J., & Shanafelt, T. D. (2014) · Academic Medicine · doi:10.1097/acm.0000000000000134 · Cited by 2,040
Emotional exhaustion as a predictor of job performance and voluntary turnover.
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The role of social support in the process of work stress: a meta-analysis
Viswesvaran, C., Sanchez, J. I., & Fisher, J. (1999) · Journal of Vocational Behavior · doi:10.1006/jvbe.1998.1661 · Cited by 1,331 · cited 1×
“Social support has been associated with lower levels of work-related stress.(26) In our multivariate logistic regression model, we observed a greater likelihood of burnout with increasing age in general surgery trainees (Table 5).”
BackgroundBurnout and Career Satisfaction Among American Surgeons
Shanafelt, T. D., Balch, C. M., Bechamps, G. J., Russell, T., Dyrbye, L., Satele, D., Collicott, P., Novotny, P. J., Sloan, J., & Freischlag, J. A. (2009) · Annals of Surgery · doi:10.1097/sla.0b013e3181ac4dfd · Cited by 1,275
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Discrimination, abuse, harassment, and burnout in surgical residency training
Hu, Y.-Y., Ellis, R. J., Hewitt, D. B., Yang, A. D., Cheung, E. O., Moskowitz, J. T., Potts, J. R., Buyske, J., Hoyt, D. B., Nasca, T. J., et al. (2019) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmsa1903759 · Cited by 928
Burnout syndrome among medical residents: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Rodrigues, H., Cobucci, R., Oliveira, A., Cabral, J. V., Medeiros, L., Gurgel, K., Souza, T., & Gonçalves, A. K. (2018) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0206840 · Cited by 589
Impostor syndrome and burnout among American medical students: a pilot study
Villwock, J. A., Sobin, L. B., Koester, L. A., & Harris, T. M. (2016) · International Journal of Medical Education · doi:10.5116/ijme.5801.eac4 · Cited by 499
Physician Burnout and Well-Being: A Systematic Review and Framework for Action
Rothenberger, D. A. (2017) · Diseases of the Colon & Rectum · doi:10.1097/dcr.0000000000000844 · Cited by 455
Burnout and Stress Among US Surgery Residents: Psychological Distress and Resilience
Lebares, C. C., Guvva, E. V., Ascher, N. L., O’Sullivan, P., Harris, H. W., & Epel, E. S. (2017) · Journal of the American College of Surgeons · doi:10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2017.10.010 · Cited by 411
Metadata
- Authors
- Elmore, L. C., Jeffe, D. B., Jin, L., Awad, M. M., & Turnbull, I. R.
- Affiliations
- National Institutes of Health (US)
- Washington University in St. Louis (US)
- Corresponding author
- Turnbull, Isaiah R.
- Venue
- Journal of the American College of Surgeons
- Published
- 2016-09
- Volume
- 223
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 440-451
- ISSN
- 1072-7515 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC5476455
- OpenAlex
- W2399168037
- Cited by
- 476
- References
- 40
- Citations by year
- 2026: 36 · 2025: 40 · 2024: 36 · 2023: 36 · 2022: 46 · 2021: 69 · 2020: 74 · 2019: 55 · 2018: 44 · 2017: 33 · 2016: 7
- FWCI
- 85.50
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Journal of the American College of Surgeons (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Cancer Institute (T32CA009621, P30CA091842)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Healthcare professionals’ stress and burnout
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Stress and Burnout Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Occupational Health and Burnout
- Keywords
- burnout, general surgery residents, surgical training, emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, personal accomplishment, Maslach Burnout Inventory, mentoring programs, working hours, career choice, gender differences, resident well-being
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Burnout, Professional, Female, Humans, Internship and Residency, Male, Surveys and Questionnaires, Socioeconomic Factors, General Surgery, United States, Prevalence, Workload
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