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Cited by 170Migraine and Headache StudiesPsychometric Methodologies and TestingHealth Systems, Economic Evaluations, Quality of Life

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 20 of the 23 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

The Short-Form Headache Impact Test (HIT-6) was psychometrically equivalent in nine languages

Martin, Marie, Blaisdell, Bonnie, Kwong, Jackie W., Bjorner, Jakob B.·2004·Journal of Clinical Epidemiology
DOI 10.1016/j.jclinepi.2004.05.004
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Abstract

Background and objective This study examined the psychometric properties and equivalence of the six-item Headache Impact Test (HIT-6) across 11 languages in 14 countries.Methods A multicenter, international cross-sectional study conducted in a primary care setting. Data obtained from 1,171 adults from 14 countries who consulted their primary care physician for headache completed the HIT-6 questionnaire and a headache survey were included in this analysis. Item-level statistics (e.g., range of response choices used by participants), item-scale statistics (e.g., item-total correlations), scale level statistics (e.g., internal consistency reliability), and tests of differential item functioning were conducted to examine the psychometric properties of all HIT-6 translations and their comparability across translations.Results Across languages, missing data were low, item-scale correlations were high, reliability was adequate, and item-level statistics were generally comparable. We found only minor differential item functioning, suggesting that the HIT-6 translations are equivalent to the U.S. English form.Conclusions Psychometric analyses indicate that most HIT-6 translations (Canadian English, French, Greek, Hungarian, UK English, Hebrew, Portuguese, German, Spanish, and Dutch) are comparable to U.S. English. Improvements may be needed in the Finnish and Slovakian translations and the appropriateness of using the HIT-6 in South Africa should be explored further.

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  1. Ware, 2000, Accuracy of the Headache Impact Test (HIT) for migraine case findings, Caphalgia, 20, 261

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Metadata

Authors
Martin, M., Blaisdell, B., Kwong, J. W., & Bjorner, J. B.
Affiliations
GlaxoSmithKline (United States) (US)
Corresponding author
Martin, Marie
Venue
Journal of Clinical Epidemiology
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2004-12
Volume
57
Issue
12
Pages
1271-1278
ISSN
0895-4356 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1016/j.jclinepi.2004.05.004
OpenAlex
W1973124376
Cited by
170
References
23
Citations by year
2026: 13 · 2025: 15 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 20 · 2022: 15 · 2021: 18 · 2020: 12 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 7
FWCI
1.24
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations
  • Journal of Clinical Epidemiology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Clinical Neurology › Migraine and Headache Studies
  • Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Management Science and Operations Research › Psychometric Methodologies and Testing
  • Social Sciences › Economics, Econometrics and Finance › Economics and Econometrics › Health Systems, Economic Evaluations, Quality of Life
Keywords
Headache Impact Test, HIT-6, headache, cross-cultural adaptation, psychometric properties, differential item functioning, internal consistency, patient-reported outcome measures, translation equivalence, primary care
MeSH terms
Cross-Sectional Studies, Headache, Health Status Indicators, Humans, Language, Psychometrics, Quality of Life

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