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Toxic anterior segment syndrome
Abstract
Toxic anterior segment syndrome (TASS) is a sterile postoperative inflammatory reaction caused by a noninfectious substance that enters the anterior segment, resulting in toxic damage to intraocular tissues. The process typically starts 12 to 48 hours after cataract/anterior segment surgery, is limited to the anterior segment of the eye, is always Gram stain and culture negative, and usually improves with steroid treatment. The primary differential diagnosis is infectious endophthalmitis. Review of the literature indicates that possible causes of TASS include intraocular solutions with inappropriate chemical composition, concentration, pH, or osmolality; preservatives; denatured ophthalmic viscosurgical devices; enzymatic detergents; bacterial endotoxin; oxidized metal deposits and residues; and factors related to intraocular lenses such as residues from polishing or sterilizing compounds. An outbreak of TASS is an environmental and toxic control issue that requires complete analysis of all medications and fluids used during surgery, as well as complete review of operating room and sterilization protocols.
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Citations
Cited by
Anatomy and physiology of the cornea
DelMonte, D. W., & Kim, T. (2011) · Journal of Cataract and Refractive Surgery · doi:10.1016/j.jcrs.2010.12.037 · Cited by 871
Gaballa, S. A., Kompella, U. B., Elgarhy, O., Alqahtani, A. M., Pierscionek, B., Alany, R. G., & Abdelkader, H. (2021) · Drug Delivery and Translational Research · doi:10.1007/s13346-020-00843-z · Cited by 255
Wickremasinghe, S. S., Michalova, K., Gilhotra, J., Guymer, R. H., Harper, C. A., Wong, T. Y., & Qureshi, S. (2008) · Ophthalmology · doi:10.1016/j.ophtha.2008.05.007 · Cited by 124
Kang-Mieler, J. J., Dosmar, E., Liu, W., & Mieler, W. F. (2017) · Expert Opinion on Drug Delivery · doi:10.1080/17425247.2016.1227785 · Cited by 73
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Metadata
- Authors
- Mamalis, N., Edelhauser, H. F., Dawson, D. G., Chew, J., LeBoyer, R. M., & Werner, L.
- Venue
- Journal of Cataract and Refractive Surgery
- Published
- 2006-02
- Volume
- 32
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 324-333
- ISSN
- 0146-2776 (ISSN-L)
- 0886-3350
- OpenAlex
- W2130646854
- Cited by
- 311
- References
- 0
- FWCI
- 14.78
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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- Mamalis, N., Edelhauser, H. F., Dawson, D. G., Chew, J., LeBoyer, R. M., & Werner, L. (2006). Toxic anterior segment syndrome. Journal of Cataract and Refractive Surgery. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcrs.2006.01.065
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Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
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