The DOI matches its Crossref record; 6 of the 6 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Photolytic degradation elevated the toxicity of polylactic acid microplastics to developing zebrafish by triggering mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis
Abstract
Biodegradable plastics (BPs), as alternatives to conventional plastics, are increasingly consumed, but pose potential threats to aquatic ecosystems. In addition, the impact of natural aging on the toxicity of BPs is poorly understood. In this study, the photodegradation of polylactic acid (PLA, a typical BP) microplastics (MPs) under ultraviolet irradiation in water for 90 days was investigated, and the toxicities of virgin and degraded PLA to infantile zebrafish were compared. The results revealed that the size of MPs was reduced from ~25.56 to ~11.22 µm after degradation and nanoparticles were generated with a maximum yield of 7.13%. The formation of abundant oxygen-containing groups (i.e. C˭O and C-O-C) improved the hydrophilia and stability of MPs. Compared with pristine PLA, the efflux and detoxification of degraded PLA mediated by ABC transporters and P450 enzymes were slower, leading to higher bioaccumulation and skeletal development inhibition of zebrafish. Further, oxidative stress-triggered mitochondrial structural damage, depolarization, fission inhibition, and apoptosis were identified as crucial mechanisms underlying the elevated toxicity of PLA after degradation. These findings highlight the importance and necessity of considering natural degradation of BPs and related toxicity, which poses great implications for risk assessment and management of BPs.
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Cites
Direct Activation of Bax by p53 Mediates Mitochondrial Membrane Permeabilization and Apoptosis
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A review of microplastics in table salt, drinking water, and air: direct human exposure
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Cited by
Fan, P., Yu, H., Xi, B., & Tan, W. (2022) · Environment International · doi:10.1016/j.envint.2022.107244 · Cited by 341
Xu, Y., Ou, Q., van der Hoek, J. P., Liu, G., & Lompe, K. M. (2024) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/acs.est.3c07035 · Cited by 325
Interactive impacts of photoaged micro(nano)plastics and co-occurring chemicals in the environment
Junaid, M., Hamid, N., Liu, S., Abbas, Z., Imran, M., Haider, M. R., Wang, B., Chen, G., Khan, H. K., Yue, Q., et al. (2024) · Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172213 · Cited by 37
Metadata
- Authors
- Zhang, X., Xia, M., Su, X., Yuan, P., Li, X., Zhou, C., Wan, Z., & Zou, W.
- Venue
- Journal of Hazardous Materials
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2021-07
- Volume
- 413
- Pages
- 125321
- ISSN
- 0304-3894 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W3128921109
- Cited by
- 196
- References
- 6
- FWCI
- 6.36
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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- Zhang, X., Xia, M., Su, X., Yuan, P., Li, X., Zhou, C., Wan, Z., & Zou, W. (2021). Photolytic degradation elevated the toxicity of polylactic acid microplastics to developing zebrafish by triggering mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis. Journal of Hazardous Materials. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.125321
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