The DOI matches its Crossref record; 29 of the 29 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Effect of cleaning and disinfection of toys on infectious diseases and micro-organisms in daycare nurseries
Open accessAbstract
Background The rising number of children in daycare nurseries increases opportunities for the transmission of infectious diseases. Pathogens may be transmitted directly from child to child via sneezing, coughing and touching, or indirectly via the environment. Toys are among the fomites with the highest pathogen load, but their role in disease transmission is unknown.Aim To determine if washing and disinfection of toys can reduce sickness absence and microbial pathogen load in the nursery environment.Methods Twelve nurseries (caring for 587 children) were randomized to intervention and control groups. The intervention consisted of washing and disinfection of toys and linen every two weeks for three months by a commercial cleaning company. The extent and causes of sickness absence among the children were recorded in both groups before and after introduction of the intervention. Ten sampling points in each nursery were examined for bacteria and respiratory viruses.Results The presence of respiratory virus DNA/RNA was widespread, but very few pathogenic bacteria were found in the environment. The intervention reduced the presence of adenovirus [odds ratio (OR) 2.4, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.1-5.0], rhinovirus (OR 5.3, 95% CI 2.3-12.4) and respiratory syncytial virus (OR 4.1, 95% CI 1.5-11.2) compared with the control group, but the intervention had no effect on sickness absence or disease patterns in the nurseries.Conclusion Although cleaning and disinfection of toys every two weeks can decrease the microbial load in nurseries, it does not appear to reduce sickness absence among nursery children.
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“This study demonstrated a significant reduction in some viruses detected on surfaces in the childcare centres (adenovirus, rhinovirus, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), and metapneumovirus), but not in other viruses, including coronavirus.”
From Physical interventions to interrupt or reduce the spread of respiratory viruses (2023) · cites this paper as Ibfelt 2015
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“three of them showed a clear benefit compared to controls (Ban 2015; Carabin 1999; Ibfelt 2015).”
From Physical interventions to interrupt or reduce the spread of respiratory viruses (2023) · cites this paper as Ibfelt 2015
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Fleming, D. W., Cochi, S. L., Hightower, A. W., & Broome, C. V. (1987) · PEDIATRICS · doi:10.1542/peds.79.1.55 · Cited by 217
The occurrence of influenza A virus on household and day care center fomites
Boone, S. A., & Gerba, C. P. (2004) · Journal of Infection · doi:10.1016/j.jinf.2004.09.011 · Cited by 188
Sandora, T. J., Taveras, E. M., Shih, M., Resnick, E. A., Lee, G. M., Ross‐Degnan, D., & Goldmann, D. A. (2005) · PEDIATRICS · doi:10.1542/peds.2005-0199 · Cited by 168
Prevalence of Rotavirus on High-Risk Fomites in Day-Care Facilities
Butz, A. M., FOSARELLI, P. D., Dick, J. D., et al. (1993) · PEDIATRICS · doi:10.1542/peds.92.2.202 · Cited by 143
Epidemiology of Multiple Respiratory Viruses in Childcare Attendees
Martin, E. T., Fairchok, M. P., Stednick, Z. J., Kuypers, J. M., & Englund, J. A. (2013) · The Journal of Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1093/infdis/jis934 · Cited by 138
Survival and detection of rotaviruses on environmental surfaces in day care centers
Keswick, B. H., Pickering, L. K., DuPont, H. L., & Woodward, W. E. (1983) · Applied and Environmental Microbiology · doi:10.1128/aem.46.4.813-816.1983 · Cited by 137
An open randomized controlled trial of infection prevention in child day-care centers
Uhari, M. K., & Möttönen, M. I. (1999) · The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal · doi:10.1097/00006454-199908000-00004 · Cited by 126
Fairchok, M. P., Martin, E. T., Chambers, S., et al. (2010) · Journal of Clinical Virology · doi:10.1016/j.jcv.2010.06.013 · Cited by 126
TRANSMISSION DYNAMICS OF ENTERIC BACTERIA IN DAY-CARE CENTERS
Ekanem, E., DuPont, H. L., Pickering, L. K., et al. (1983) · American Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a113661 · Cited by 114
Acute Respiratory Infections in Day Care
Denny, F. W., Collier, A. M., & Henderson, F. W. (1986) · Clinical Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1093/clinids/8.4.524 · Cited by 113
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Transmissibility and transmission of respiratory viruses
Leung, N. H. L. (2021) · Nature Reviews Microbiology · doi:10.1038/s41579-021-00535-6 · Cited by 890
Physical interventions to interrupt or reduce the spread of respiratory viruses
Jefferson, T., Dooley, L., Ferroni, E., Al-Ansary, L. A., van Driel, M. L., Bawazeer, G. A., Jones, M. A., Hoffmann, T. C., Clark, J., Beller, E. M., et al. (2023) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd006207.pub6 · Cited by 291
Xiao, J., Shiu, E. Y. C., Gao, H., Wong, J. Y., Fong, M. W., Ryu, S., & Cowling, B. J. (2020) · Emerging Infectious Diseases · doi:10.3201/eid2605.190994 · Cited by 243
Metadata
- Authors
- Ibfelt, T., Engelund, E. H., Schultz, A. C., & Andersen, L. P.
- Affiliations
- Copenhagen University Hospital (DK)
- DHI (DK)
- Technical University of Denmark (DK)
- Corresponding author
- Ibfelt, T.
- Venue
- Journal of Hospital Infection
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2015-02
- Volume
- 89
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 109-115
- ISSN
- 0195-6701 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC7114571
- OpenAlex
- W2063246956
- Cited by
- 45
- References
- 29
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 2
- FWCI
- 2.34
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Journal of Hospital Infection (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Technical University of Denmark, DTU Orbit (Technical University of Denmark, DTU) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Ministeriet for Forskning Innovation og Videregående Uddannelser
- Rigshospitalet
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › Infection Control in Healthcare
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Pediatric health and respiratory diseases
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine › Infection Control and Ventilation
- Keywords
- infectious disease transmission, fomites, respiratory viruses, adenovirus, rhinovirus, respiratory syncytial virus
- MeSH terms
- Bacteria, Bedding and Linens, Child Day Care Centers, Child, Preschool, Disinfection, Environmental Microbiology, Humans, Infant, Nurseries, Infant, Play and Playthings, Viruses, Community-Acquired Infections
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