The DOI matches its Crossref record; 189 of the 189 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Molecular Mechanisms of Two-Component Signal Transduction
Open accessAbstract
Two-component systems (TCS) comprising sensor histidine kinases and response regulator proteins are among the most important players in bacterial and archaeal signal transduction and also occur in reduced numbers in some eukaryotic organisms. Given their importance to cellular survival, virulence, and cellular development, these systems are among the most scrutinized bacterial proteins. In the recent years, a flurry of bioinformatics, genetic, biochemical, and structural studies have provided detailed insights into many molecular mechanisms that underlie the detection of signals and the generation of the appropriate response by TCS. Importantly, it has become clear that there is significant diversity in the mechanisms employed by individual systems. This review discusses the current knowledge on common themes and divergences from the paradigm of TCS signaling. An emphasis is on the information gained by a flurry of recent structural and bioinformatics studies.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“Typically, lemA is part of a two-component regulatory system, which have been well-studied across bacterial systems92−94 (but that have not yet been observed in Mycoplasma to our knowledge), and are involved in regulation of various cellular processes varying from phosphate uptake, to respiration, to sporulation.”
From Toward the Complete Functional Characterization of a Minimal Bacterial Proteome (2022) · cites this paper as [92]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“lemA-gacS/0604 | cell growth and morphology | two component sensor/membrane”
From Toward the Complete Functional Characterization of a Minimal Bacterial Proteome (2022) · cites this paper as [92]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
1 retracted
Ryan, R. P., Fouhy, Y., Lucey, J. F., Crossman, L. C., Spiro, S., He, Y., Zhang, L., Heeb, S., Cámara, M., Williams, P. M., et al. (2006) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0600345103 · Cited by 506
RetractedTwo-Component Signal Transduction
Stock, A., Robinson, V. L., & Goudreau, P. N. (2000) · Annual Review of Biochemistry · doi:10.1146/annurev.biochem.69.1.183 · Cited by 3,653
PAS Domains: Internal Sensors of Oxygen, Redox Potential, and Light
Taylor, B. L., & Zhulin, I. B. (1999) · Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews · doi:10.1128/mmbr.63.2.479-506.1999 · Cited by 1,632
Structural identification of a bacterial quorum-sensing signal containing boron
Chen, X., Schauder, S., Potier, N., DORSSELAER, A. V., Pelczer, I., Bassler, B. L., & Hughson, F. M. (2002) · Nature · doi:10.1038/415545a · Cited by 1,572
Identification of direct residue contacts in protein–protein interaction by message passing
Weigt, M., White, R. A., Szurmant, H., Hoch, J. A., & Hwa, T. (2009) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0805923106 · Cited by 1,025
Self-citationBiological Insights from Structures of Two-Component Proteins
Gao, R., & Stock, A. (2009) · Annual Review of Microbiology · doi:10.1146/annurev.micro.091208.073214 · Cited by 793
Specificity in Two-Component Signal Transduction Pathways
Laub, M. T., & Goulian, M. (2007) · Annual Review of Genetics · doi:10.1146/annurev.genet.41.042007.170548 · Cited by 752
Stimulus Perception in Bacterial Signal-Transducing Histidine Kinases
Mascher, T., Helmann, J. D., & Unden, G. (2006) · Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews · doi:10.1128/mmbr.00020-06 · Cited by 723
Ovchinnikov, S., Kamisetty, H., & Baker, D. (2014) · eLife · doi:10.7554/elife.02030 · Cited by 629
Paul, R., Weiser, S., Amiot, N. C., Chan, C., Schirmer, T., Giese, B., & Jenal, U. (2004) · Genes & Development · doi:10.1101/gad.289504 · Cited by 612
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Multidrug efflux pumps: structure, function and regulation
Du, D., Wang‐Kan, X., Neuberger, A., van Veen, H. W., Pos, K. M., Piddock, L. J. V., & Luisi, B. F. (2018) · Nature Reviews Microbiology · doi:10.1038/s41579-018-0048-6 · Cited by 1,117
Responses of microorganisms to osmotic stress.
Bremer, E., & Krämer, R. (2019) · Annual Review of Microbiology · doi:10.1146/annurev-micro-020518-115504 · Cited by 463
Structure, function and regulation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa porins
Chevalier, S., Bouffartigues, E., Bodilis, J., Maillot, O., Lesouhaitier, O., Feuilloley, M. G. J., Orange, N., Dufour, A., & Cornélis, P. (2017) · FEMS Microbiology Reviews · doi:10.1093/femsre/fux020 · Cited by 456
Porins and small-molecule translocation across the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria
Vergalli, J., Bodrenko, I. V., Masi, M., Moynié, L., Acosta‐Gutiérrez, S., Naismith, J. H., Davin‐Regli, A., Ceccarelli, M., van den Berg, B., Winterhalter, M., et al. (2019) · Nature Reviews Microbiology · doi:10.1038/s41579-019-0294-2 · Cited by 420
The Mechanisms of Disease Caused by Acinetobacter baumannii
Morris, F. C., Dexter, C., Kostoulias, X., Uddin, M. I., & Peleg, A. Y. (2019) · Frontiers in Microbiology · doi:10.3389/fmicb.2019.01601 · Cited by 362
Metadata
- Authors
- Zschiedrich, C. P., Keidel, V., & Szurmant, H.
- Affiliations
- Scripps Research Institute (US)
- Corresponding author
- Szurmant, Hendrik
- ORCID
- Szurmant, Hendrik
- Venue
- Journal of Molecular Biology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2016-09
- Volume
- 428
- Issue
- 19
- Pages
- 3752-3775
- ISSN
- 0022-2836 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC5023499
- OpenAlex
- W2498485322
- Cited by
- 540
- References
- 189
- Citations by year
- 2026: 33 · 2025: 54 · 2024: 64 · 2023: 54 · 2022: 63 · 2021: 63 · 2020: 58 · 2019: 69 · 2018: 40 · 2017: 39 · 2016: 2
- FWCI
- 6.57
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Journal of Molecular Biology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- US National Institute of General Medical Sciences, National Institutes of Health (GM106085)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Bacterial Genetics and Biotechnology
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Biochemical and Structural Characterization
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gene Regulatory Network Analysis
- Keywords
- two-component systems, signal transduction, sensor histidine kinase, response regulator proteins, bacterial signaling, signal detection, protein structure, molecular mechanisms
- MeSH terms
- Histidine Kinase, Archaea, Bacteria, Gene Expression Regulation, Transcription Factors, Signal Transduction, Eukaryota
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review