Bone Mineral Density Testing in Spinal Cord Injury: 2019 ISCD Official Position
Open accessAbstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) causes rapid osteoporosis that is most severe below the level of injury. More than half of those with motor complete SCI will experience an osteoporotic fracture at some point following their injury, with most fractures occurring at the distal femur and proximal tibia. These fractures have devastating consequences, including delayed union or nonunion, cellulitis, skin breakdown, lower extremity amputation, and premature death. Maintaining skeletal integrity and preventing fractures is imperative following SCI to fully benefit from future advances in paralysis cure research and robotic-exoskeletons, brain computer interfaces and other evolving technologies. Clinical care has been previously limited by the lack of consensus derived guidelines or standards regarding dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry-based diagnosis of osteoporosis, fracture risk prediction, or monitoring response to therapies. The International Society of Clinical Densitometry convened a task force to establish Official Positions for bone density assessment by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry in individuals with SCI of traumatic or nontraumatic etiology. This task force conducted a series of systematic reviews to guide the development of evidence-based position statements that were reviewed by an expert panel at the 2019 Position Development Conference in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. The resulting the International Society of Clinical Densitometry Official Positions are intended to inform clin…
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The risk of bone stress injury (BSI) is of particular concern in athletes with spinal cord injury who experience a substantial loss of BMD immediately postinjury and hence have a high incidence of low BMD for age and/or osteoporosis.
“The risk of bone stress injury (BSI) is of particular concern in athletes with spinal cord injury who experience a substantial loss of BMD immediately postinjury and hence have a high incidence of low BMD for age and/ or osteoporosis.118”
From 2023 international olympic committee's (IOC) consensus statement on relative energy deficiency in sport (REDs) (2023) · cites this paper as [118]
Cites
Recovery of Over-Ground Walking after Chronic Motor Complete Spinal Cord Injury
Angeli, C. A., Boakye, M., Morton, R. A., Vogt, J., Benton, K., Chen, Y., Ferreira, C. K., & Harkema, S. J. (2018) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa1803588 · Cited by 670 · see citing works
Continuous Loss of Bone During Chronic Immobilization: A Monozygotic Twin Study
Bauman, W. A., Spungen, A. M., Wang, J., Pierson Jr, R. N., & Schwartz, E. (1999) · Osteoporosis International · doi:10.1007/s001980050206 · Cited by 158 · see citing works
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Mountjoy, M., Ackerman, K. E., Bailey, D. M., Burke, L. M., Constantini, N., Hackney, A. C., Heikura, I. A., Melin, A., Pensgaard, A. M., Stellingwerff, T., et al. (2023) · British Journal of Sports Medicine · doi:10.1136/bjsports-2023-106994 · Cited by 724 · see citing works
- Authors
- Morse, L. R., Biering-Soerensen, F., Carbone, L. D., Cervinka, T., Cirnigliaro, C. M., Johnston, T. E., Liu, N., Troy, K. L., Weaver, F. M., Shuhart, C., & Craven, B. C.
- Affiliations
- University of Minnesota (US)
- Augusta University (US)
- Satakunta University of Applied Sciences (FI)
- James J. Peters VA Medical Center (US)
- Thomas Jefferson University (US)
- Peking University Third Hospital (CN)
- Worcester Polytechnic Institute (US)
- United States Department of Veterans Affairs (US)
- Swedish Medical Center (US)
- University Health Network (CA)
- Corresponding author
- Morse, Leslie R.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Journal of Clinical Densitometry
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2019-10
- Volume
- 22
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 554-566
- ISSN
- 1094-6950 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2965761835
- Cited by
- 82
- References
- 2
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 14 · 2023: 17 · 2022: 18 · 2021: 15 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 1
- FWCI
- 9.77
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of Clinical Densitometry (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Research at the University of Copenhagen (University of Copenhagen) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- University Health Network
- U.S. Department of Defense (150092)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Orthopedics and Sports Medicine › Bone health and osteoporosis research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Spinal Fractures and Fixation Techniques
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pathology and Forensic Medicine › Spinal Cord Injury Research
- Keywords
- spinal cord injury, osteoporosis, bone mineral density, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, osteoporotic fractures, fracture risk prediction, motor complete spinal cord injury, distal femur fractures, proximal tibia fractures
- MeSH terms
- Consensus Statements as Topic, Humans, Osteoporosis, Societies, Medical, Spinal Cord Injuries, Absorptiometry, Photon, Bone Density
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