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Validation of the Revised Screener and Opioid Assessment for Patients With Pain (SOAPP-R)
Open accessAbstract
Unlabelled The original Screener and Opioid Assessment for Patients with Pain (SOAPP) is a conceptually derived self-report questionnaire designed to predict aberrant medication-related behaviors among chronic pain patients considered for long-term opioid therapy. The purpose of this study was to develop and validate an empirically derived version of the SOAPP (SOAPP-R) that addresses some limitations of the original SOAPP. In successive steps, items were reduced from an initial pool of 142 to a 97-item beta version. The beta version was administered to 283 chronic pain patients receiving long-term opioid therapy. Items were evaluated based on data collected at follow-up, including correlation with the Aberrant Drug Behavior Index (ADBI), derived from interview data, physician ratings, and urine toxicology screens. Twenty-four items were retained and comprise the final SOAPP-R. Coefficient alpha was .88, and receiver operating characteristics curve analysis yielded an area under the curve of .81 (P < .001). A cutoff score of 18 showed adequate sensitivity (.81) and specificity (.68). The obtained psychometrics, along with the use of a predictive criterion that goes beyond self-report, suggest that the SOAPP-R is an improvement over the original version in screening risk potential for aberrant medication-related behavior among persons with chronic pain.Perspective There is a need for a screener for abuse risk in patients prescribed opioids for pain. This study presents a revised version of the SOAPP-R that is empirically derived with good reliability and validity but is less susceptible to overt deception than the original SOAPP version 1.
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“Prescription opioid misuse risk was measured using the Current Opioid Misuse Measure (COMM), a reliable and valid survey commonly used to assess aberrant opioid use behaviors among patients with opioid-treated chronic pain (Butler et al., 2008)”
From To be aware, or to accept, that is the question: Differential roles of awareness of automaticity and pain acceptance in opioid misuse (2023) · cites this paper as Butler et al., 2008
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“Self-reported craving can be evaluated by tools that are specific to craving or as a single item within a broader assessment tool (summarized in Table 1 ) (63, 72).”
From Craving in Opioid Use Disorder: From Neurobiology to Clinical Practice (2019) · cites this paper as [72]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Butler, S. F., Fernandez, K., Benoit, C., Budman, S. H., & Jamison, R. N.
- Affiliations
- Inflexxion (United States) (US)
- Brigham and Women's Hospital (US)
- Corresponding author
- Butler, Stephen F.
- Venue
- The Journal of Pain
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2008-04
- Volume
- 9
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 360-372
- ISSN
- 1526-5900 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC2359825
- OpenAlex
- W1972589489
- Cited by
- 471
- References
- 40
- Citations by year
- 2026: 12 · 2025: 14 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 15 · 2022: 28 · 2021: 27 · 2020: 28 · 2019: 38 · 2018: 37 · 2017: 39 · 2016: 41 · 2015: 29 · 2014: 29 · 2013: 29 · 2012: 33
- FWCI
- 20.78
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of Pain (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- Brigham and Women's Hospital
- National Institutes of Health
- National Institute on Drug Abuse (DA015617, R43DA015617, R44DA015617)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Opioid Use Disorder Treatment
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine › Pain Management and Opioid Use
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
- Keywords
- chronic pain, long-term opioid therapy, opioid abuse risk, self-report questionnaire, urine toxicology, psychometric validation
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Analgesics, Opioid, Attitude to Health, Chronic Disease, Female, Humans, Male, Mass Screening, Middle Aged, Opioid-Related Disorders, Intractable Pain, Predictive Value of Tests, Psychometrics, Surveys and Questionnaires, Risk Factors, ROC Curve, Reproducibility of Results, Risk Assessment
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