Investigation of membrane property and fuel cell behavior with sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone) electrolyte: Temperature and relative humidity effects

On the development of proton conducting polymer membranes for hydrogen and methanol fuel cells

Kreuer, K. D. (2001) · Journal of Membrane Science · doi:10.1016/s0376-7388(00)00632-3 · Cited by 2,969

Proton-conducting polymer electrolyte membranes based on hydrocarbon polymers

Rikukawa, M., & Sanui, K. (2000) · Progress in Polymer Science · doi:10.1016/s0079-6700(00)00032-0 · Cited by 1,554

Water Uptake by and Transport Through Nafion® 117 Membranes

Zawodzinski, T. A., Derouin, C., Radzinski, S., Sherman, R. J., Smith, V. T., Springer, T. E., & Gottesfeld, S. (1993) · Journal of The Electrochemical Society · doi:10.1149/1.2056194 · Cited by 1,530

Advances in Electrochemical Science and Engineering

(1997) · Advances in electrochemical science and engineering · doi:10.1002/9783527616794 · Cited by 1,139

Direct polymerization of sulfonated poly(arylene ether sulfone) random (statistical) copolymers: candidates for new proton exchange membranes

Wang, F., Hickner, M. A., Kim, Y. S., Zawodzinski, T. A., & McGrath, J. E. E. (2002) · Journal of Membrane Science · doi:10.1016/s0376-7388(01)00620-2 · Cited by 1,133

Development of ionomer membranes for fuel cells

Kerres, J. A. (2001) · Journal of Membrane Science · doi:10.1016/s0376-7388(00)00631-1 · Cited by 1,022

Synthesis and characterization of sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone) for proton exchange membranes

Xing, P., Robertson, G. P., Guiver, M. D., Mikhailenko, S. D., Wang, K., & Kaliaguine, S. (2003) · Journal of Membrane Science · doi:10.1016/j.memsci.2003.09.019 · Cited by 1,011

Proton conducting composite membranes from polyether ether ketone and heteropolyacids for fuel cell applications

Zaidi, S. M. J., Mikhailenko, S. D., Robertson, G. P., Guiver, M. D., & Kaliaguine, S. (2000) · Journal of Membrane Science · doi:10.1016/s0376-7388(00)00345-8 · Cited by 898

Conductivity of PBI Membranes for High-Temperature Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells

Ma, Y., Wainright, J. S., Litt, M. H., & Savinell, R. F. (2003) · Journal of The Electrochemical Society · doi:10.1149/1.1630037 · Cited by 726

Electron and proton conducting polymers: recent developments and prospects

Inzelt, G., Pinéri, M., Schultze, J. W., & Vorotyntsev, M. A. (2000) · Electrochimica Acta · doi:10.1016/s0013-4686(00)00329-7 · Cited by 716

Cross-linked proton exchange membrane covalently bonded with silicotungstic acid for enhanced proton conductivity

Han, D., Sun, J., Ge, J., Wang, C., Hu, P., & Liu, Y. (2024) · International Journal of Hydrogen Energy · doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2024.10.175 · Cited by 14

Sulfonated Poly(Ether Ether Ketone) (SPEEK): A Promising Membrane Material for Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell

Amir-Al-Ahmed, Sultan, A. S., & Zaidi, S. M. J. (2012) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-94-007-1700-8_12 · Cited by 14

Behavior of sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone) in ethanol–water systems

Roelofs, K. S., Kampa, A., Hirth, T., & Schiestel, T. (2008) · Journal of Applied Polymer Science · doi:10.1002/app.29351 · Cited by 14

Stabilized SPEEK Membranes with a High Degree of Sulfonation for Enthalpy Heat Exchangers

Narducci, R., Vona, M. L. D., Marrocchi, A., & Baldinelli, G. (2018) · Coatings · doi:10.3390/coatings8050190 · Cited by 13

Locally confined membrane modification of sulfonated membranes for fuel cell application

Krishnan, N. N., Henkensmeier, D., Jang, J. H., Hink, S., Kim, H., Nam, S.-W., & Lim, T. (2013) · Journal of Membrane Science · doi:10.1016/j.memsci.2013.12.020 · Cited by 13

Performance assessment of a four-pass serpentine proton exchange membrane fuel cell with non-humidified cathode and cell state estimation without special measurement

Çelik, E., & Karagöz, İ. (2022) · International Journal of Hydrogen Energy · doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2022.01.001 · Cited by 12

A Comprehensive Analysis of the Overpotential Losses in Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells

Fikry, M., García-Padilla, Á., Herranz, J. S., Khavlyuk, P. D., Eychmüller, A., & Schmidt, T. J. (2024) · ACS Catalysis · doi:10.1021/acscatal.3c04797 · Cited by 13

Composite Polymer Electrolyte Membranes Based on Stabilized Phosphotungstic Acid and Sulfonated Poly(etheretherketone) for Fuel Cell Applications

Rhoden, S. L., Linkous, C. A., Mohajeri, N., Dı́az, D. J., Brooker, P., Slattery, D. K., & Fenton, J. M. (2010) · Journal of The Electrochemical Society · doi:10.1149/1.3425618 · Cited by 12

Development of proton-exchange polymer nanocomposite membranes for fuel cell applications

Sivasubramanian, G., Hariharasubramanian, K., & Deivanayagam, P. (2019) · Polymers and Polymer Composites · doi:10.1177/0967391119888319 · Cited by 12

Flexible proton-conducting glass-based composite membranes for fuel cell application

Li, H., Chen, X., Jiang, F., Ai, M., Di, Z., & Gu, J. (2011) · Journal of Power Sources · doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2011.10.032 · Cited by 12

Stabilized Sulfonated Aromatic Polymers by in situ Solvothermal Cross-Linking

Vona, M. L. D., Sgreccia, E., Narducci, R., Pasquini, L., Hou, H., & Knauth, P. (2014) · Frontiers in Energy Research · doi:10.3389/fenrg.2014.00039 · Cited by 12

Fuel Cells: Advances and Challenges

Jiang, S. P., & Wang, X. (2011) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9783527635566.ch5 · Cited by 14

Estudo das propriedades térmicas de filmes poliméricos compostos de Speek, derivados do benzoimidazol e ácido fosfotúngstico

Celso, F., Mauler, R. S., & Gomes, A. S. (2008) · Polímeros · doi:10.1590/s0104-14282008000200016 · Cited by 11

Using Metal-Organic Framework HKUST-1 for the Preparation of High-Conductive Hybrid Membranes Based on Multiblock Copolymers for Fuel Cells

Gorban, I. E., Ureña, N., Pérez‐Prior, M. T., Várez, A., Levenfeld, B., del Río, C., & Soldatov, M. A. (2023) · Polymers · doi:10.3390/polym15020323 · Cited by 10

Sulfonation of poly(ether ether ketone): An evidence for di-substitution of the repeat unit

Lafi, A. G. A., Arfan, A., Alnaama, D., Hasan, R., Allaf, T., Ibrahim, M., & Alssayes, G. (2022) · Journal of Polymer Research · doi:10.1007/s10965-022-03280-3 · Cited by 10

Mild sulfonated polyether ketone ether ketone ketone incorporated polysulfone membranes for microbial fuel cell application

Azhar, M., Jaafar, J., Aziz, M., Umar, Y., Mazumder, M. A. J., & Nazal, M. K. (2020) · Journal of Applied Polymer Science · doi:10.1002/app.50216 · Cited by 10

Impact of gas stoichiometry on water management and fuel cell performance of a sulfonated Poly(Ether Ether Ketone) membrane

Legrand, P. M., Morin, A., Mareau, V. H., & Gonon, L. (2012) · Journal of Power Sources · doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2012.01.102 · Cited by 10

Sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone)/hydroxyapatite membrane as biomaterials: process evaluation

Pimentel, C. A., Souza, J. W. D. L., dos Santos, F. S. F., de Sá, M. D., Ferreira, V. P., Barreto, G. B. D. C., Rodrigues, J. F. B., de Sousa, W. J. B., Filho, C. O. B., SOUSA, F. K. A. D., et al. (2019) · Polímeros · doi:10.1590/0104-1428.01018 · Cited by 9

Fabrication of a cost-effective cation exchange membrane for advanced energy storage in a decoupled alkaline-neutral electrolyte system

Dong, W., Li, L., Huang, L., Meng, L., Ji, X., & Cheng, S. (2022) · Chemical Engineering Journal · doi:10.1016/j.cej.2022.136435 · Cited by 9

Physical Properties of Oriented Thin Films Formed by the Electrostatic Complexation of Sulfonated Polyaramid

Every, H. A., van der Ham, L. V., Picken, S. J., & Mendes, E. (2008) · The Journal of Physical Chemistry B · doi:10.1021/jp8064618 · Cited by 8

Produção de membranas híbridas zirconizadas de SPEEK/Copolissilsesquioxano para aplicação em células a combustível do tipo PEM

de Aguiar, K. M. F. R., Batalha, G. P., Peixoto, M., Ramos, A., & Pezzin, S. H. (2012) · Polímeros · doi:10.1590/s0104-14282012005000060 · Cited by 8

Biocompatible Sulphonated PEEK Spheres: Influence of Processing Conditions on Morphology and Swelling Behavior

de Sá, M. D., Souza, J. W. D. L., da Silva, H. N., Torres, R. H. N., Leite, M. D. R., Barbosa, R. C., Leite, I. F., Pimentel, C. A., & Fook, M. V. L. (2021) · Polymers · doi:10.3390/polym13172920 · Cited by 7

Relative Humidity (RH) Effects on PEM Fuel Cells

Zhang, J., Zhang, H., Wu, J., & Zhang, J. J. (2013) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-444-53688-4.00008-5 · Cited by 7

Microstructure of Platinum-Carbon Agglomerates with Hydrocarbon-Based Binder and Its Effect on the Cathode Performance of PEFC

Kawaji, J., Suzuki, S., Takamori, Y., Mizukami, T., & Morishima, M. (2011) · Journal of The Electrochemical Society · doi:10.1149/1.3604396 · Cited by 7

The preparation and characterization of sulfonated poly (ether ether ketone) and Cellulose Acetate (SPEEK-CA) membrane in proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) by UV-crosslink technique

Ramly, N. N., & Ali, A. M. M. (2012) · IEEE Colloquium on Humanities, Science and Engineering · doi:10.1109/chuser.2012.6504390 · Cited by 7

Sulfonated polyhedral oligomeric sesquioxane-modified ePTFE/sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone) pore-filling proton exchange membranes for fuel cells

Wang, F., Lv, J., Liu, S., Zhao, C., Li, N., Hu, Z., & Chen, S. (2025) · Journal of Membrane Science · doi:10.1016/j.memsci.2025.124958 · Cited by 6

Remote access to electrical conductivity by charge attachment from an ambient pressure plasma

Wiemer, J. L., & Weitzel, K. (2018) · Applied Physics Letters · doi:10.1063/1.5045530 · Cited by 6

Electrochemical characterisation of fuel cell stack during cold start

Harel, F., Bégot, S., Wasterlain, S., & Candusso, D. (2011) · The European Physical Journal Applied Physics · doi:10.1051/epjap/2010100267 · Cited by 6

Modification of Sulfonated Poly(Ether Ether Ketone) for DMFC Application

Ismail, A. F., Norddin, M. N. A. M., Jaafar, J., & Matsuura, T. (2012) · CRC Press eBooks · doi:10.1201/b12160-14 · Cited by 6

Physicochemical and electrochemical characterizations of organic montmorillonite (OMMT)/sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone) (SPEEK) composite membranes

Gosalawit, R., Figoli, A., & Chirachanchai, S. (2009) · Asia-Pacific Journal of Chemical Engineering · doi:10.1002/apj.389 · Cited by 6

Transport and photophysical studies on porphyrin-containing sulfonated poly(etheretherketone) composite membranes

Sousa, J. F. M., Pina, J., Gomes, C., Dias, L. D., Pereira, M. M., Murtinho, D., Dias, P., Azevedo, J., Mendes, A. M. M., de Melo, J. S. S., et al. (2021) · Materials Today Communications · doi:10.1016/j.mtcomm.2021.102781 · Cited by 6

Proton-conducting polymer electrolyte membranes based on sulfonated PEEK and blends of protic ionic liquids with different acidities

Theußl, V., Cui, X., Hou, H., Gueguen, A., Rodenbücher, C., & Korte, C. (2025) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-025-22147-3 · Cited by 5

Preparation and Characterization of LCT/SPEEK Composite Membrane for PEMFC Application

Zhang, Y., Zhang, A., Wang, Y., Wang, S., & Li, S. (2022) · ChemistrySelect · doi:10.1002/slct.202202398 · Cited by 5

Hybrid SPEEK/Phosphonatedsilsesquioxanes membranes for PEMFC

de Aguiar, K. M. F. R., Batalha, G. P., Ramos, A., Spinace, E. V., Linardi, M., Geraldes, A. N., da Silva, D. F., & Pezzin, S. H. (2012) · Nanomaterials and Energy · doi:10.1680/nme.11.00019 · Cited by 5

Sulphonated Tetramethyl Poly(ether ether ketone)/Epoxy/Sulphonated Phenol Novolac Semi‐IPN Membranes for Direct Methanol Fuel Cells

Fu, T., JiXuan, L. I. U., Cui, Z., Ni, J., Zhang, G., Yu, H., Zhao, C., Shi, Y., Na, H., & Xing, W. (2009) · Fuel Cells · doi:10.1002/fuce.200800088 · Cited by 5

Polymer Electrolyte Membranes of Polystyrene with Directly Bonded Alkylenephosphonate Groups on the Side Chains

Nakayama, T., Kajita, T., Nishimoto, M., Tanaka, H., Sato, K., Marium, M., Mufundirwa, A., Iwamoto, H., & Noro, A. (2024) · ACS Applied Polymer Materials · doi:10.1021/acsapm.4c02688 · Cited by 4

Morphological Signatures of Salt Crystals under Controlled Humidity Using Advanced Image Analysis

Pudasaini, S., V., A. S., Steinbock, O., & Dangi, B. B. (2025) · The Journal of Physical Chemistry B · doi:10.1021/acs.jpcb.5c04762 · Cited by 4

Fuel Cell Membranes

Pintauro, P. N., & Wycisk, R. J. (2008) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9780470276280.ch29 · Cited by 4

Investigations of Microstructures and Properties of SPEEK‐[BMIm][OTf] Ionic Liquid Composite Membrane for Fuel Cells

Yu, S., Qin, L., Miao, Z., & Zhou, J. W. (2025) · Macromolecular Theory and Simulations · doi:10.1002/mats.202400080 · Cited by 3

Understanding the hydrocarbon – PFSA ionomer conductivity gap in hydrogen fuel cells

Bangay, W., Yandrasits, M., & Hayes, W. (2025) · Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics · doi:10.1039/d5cp00334b · Cited by 3

Blends of Poly(ether imide) and Styrene Sulfonic Acid Based Polymer: Thermal, Mechanical and Ionic Conduction Behavior

Santos, M. S., Dias, M. L., & Altstädt, V. (2007) · International Journal of Polymeric Materials · doi:10.1080/00914030600972758 · Cited by 3

Cross linked sulphonated poly (ether ether ketone) for the development of polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell

Lafi, A., & Ghaffar, A. (2009) · University of Birmingham Institutional Research Archive (University of Birmingham) · Cited by 3

Optimizing operating conditions and stability evaluation of Fe/Co-NC catalyst in proton exchange membrane fuel cell

Gharibi, H., Teimourikhabazi, M., Banazadeh, S., Zhiani, M., & Taghiabadi, M. M. (2025) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-025-31242-4 · Cited by 2

Sulphonated poly ether ether ketone/amino‐diphenylsilandiol composite electrolyte for PEM fuel cells

Ahmed, Z., Bellitto, S., Vona, M. L. D., Trombetta, M., Traversa, E., & Licoccia, S. (2011) · Journal of Applied Polymer Science · doi:10.1002/app.34906 · Cited by 2

Durability Increase of Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Water Electrolysis by Annealing of SPEEK Membrane

LEE, M., Yoo, D., & Park, K.-P. (2025) · Journal of Hydrogen and New Energy · doi:10.7316/jhne.2025.36.1.75 · Cited by 2

A comprehensive study of MIL-88a as a key component of hybrid polymer electrolytes for H2 fuel cells

Gorban, I. E., Pérez‐Prior, M. T., Gritsai, M. A., Várez, A., Ureña, N., Levenfeld, B., Sanchez, J., del Río, C., & Soldatov, M. A. (2025) · International Journal of Hydrogen Energy · doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2025.04.316 · Cited by 2

Fabrication of SPPEK-P/PPBES composite membranes for water vapor/N2 separation at high temperature

Wang, D., Zhang, S., Pan, Y., Xu, P., Wu, K., Wang, Z., Li, Z., & Jian, X. (2022) · Journal of Materials Science · doi:10.1007/s10853-022-07937-8 · Cited by 2

Characteristics of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells(PEMFC) Membrane and Electrode Assembly(MEA) Using Sulfonated Poly(ether ether ketone) Membrane

Lee, H.-R., Lee, S.-H., Hwang, B., Na, I.-C., Lee, J.-H., Oh, S.-J., & Park, K.-P. (2016) · Korean Chemical Engineering Research · doi:10.9713/kcer.2016.54.2.181 · Cited by 2

Hydrophobic collapse and ion channel connectivity in polymeric model membranes with gradient side chain length distributions

Dorenbos, G. (2025) · The Journal of Chemical Physics · doi:10.1063/5.0292780 · Cited by 1

Scanning Probe Microscopy Techniques for Modern Nanomaterials

Kunitake, M., Watanabe, S., & Ohira, A. (2017) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-444-63739-0.00003-7 · Cited by 1

Electrodos de tecnología avanzada para sistemas de conversión de energía

Ramos, S. G. (2013) · El Servicio de Difusión de la Creación Intelectual (National University of La Plata) · doi:10.35537/10915/30988 · Cited by 1

Sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone) based membranes for direct ethanol fuel cells

Roelofs, K. S. (2010) · OPUS Publication Server of the University of Stuttgart (University of Stuttgart) · doi:10.18419/opus-6763 · Cited by 1

Effects of UV irradiation time on electrical, physical and thermal properties of SPEEK–CS composite membranes

Aini, N. A., Lepit, A., Jaafar, N. K., Harun, M. K., Ali, A. M. M., & Yahya, M. Z. A. (2011) · Materials Research Innovations · doi:10.1179/143307511x13031890749172

새로운 전극 바인더(sPEEK/Nafion)를 도입한 직접 메탄올 연료전지의 성능 : 바인더 함량의 영향

정호영, 박정기, Jung, H., & Park, J.-K. (2007) · Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering

Chapter 3 Glass-Based Proton Exchange Membranes for Fuel Cell Applications

(2016) · Pan Stanford Publishing eBooks · doi:10.1201/9781315364940-4

Performance improvement methodologies for proton exchange membrane fuel cells

Raman, S. (2018) · ThinkTech (Texas Tech University)

Active Organic and Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Coatings and Thin Films

Marrocchi, A., & Santarelli, M. L. (2020) · MDPI eBooks · doi:10.3390/books978-3-03936-853-2

Membranas poliméricas de intercambio iónico con aplicación en pilas de combustible de temperatura intermedia

Ruiz, A. B. (2023) · doi:10.4995/thesis/10251/193081

Effects of Environmental and Operational Factors on the Electrochemical Performance of a High-Power PEMFC for 3-MW-class Railway Vehicles

Kim, D. H., Kim, B. J., Kim, B., Ryu, J.-H., Baek, J. D., & Kang, S. (2025) · Journal of Electrochemical Science and Technology · doi:10.33961/jecst.2025.00493

Soft Materials Revolution in Fuel Cells: Advancements and Innovations in Energy Conversion and Storage Technologies

Aslan, A., Soydan, A. M., & Ata, A. (2026) · Royal Society of Chemistry eBooks · doi:10.1039/9781837677597-00079

Materials innovations for flexible and wearable PEM fuel cells: From proton exchange membranes to stretchable electrodes

Marinoiu, A., D’Urso, C., Iordache, M., Ion‐Ebrasu, D., Iliescu, M., & Varlam, M. (2026) · International Journal of Hydrogen Energy · doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2026.156751

Cellulose acetate-directed sulfosuccinic acid crosslinking of SPEEK-based proton exchange membranes for mitigating the conductivity–durability trade-off in fuel cellsPreprint

Lee, D., & Bae, I. (2026) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.7266138

Sulfonation of Poly(aryletherketone): NMR Evidence for Multi-Regio Sulfonation and Membrane Properties

Hamani, S., Schneider, R., Lebrun, A., Badaire, S., Cavaliere-Jaricot, S., Rozière, J., & Jones, D. J. (2026) · ACS Applied Polymer Materials · doi:10.1021/acsapm.6c02680

Challenges to Hydrocarbon Proton-Exchange Membrane Conductivity: Examining Hydration, Conduction Pathways, and Activation Energy

Bangay, W., Yandrasits, M., & Hayes, W. (2026) · ACS Applied Polymer Materials · doi:10.1021/acsapm.6c02564

Studies on the SPEEK membrane with low degree of sulfonation as a stable proton exchange membrane for fuel cell applications

Parnian, M. J., Gashoul, F., & Rowshanzamir, S. (2017) · DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) · doi:10.22104/ijhfc.2017.428 · Cited by 20

Proton conductivity enhancement by nanostructural control of sulphonated poly (ether ether ketone) membranes

Zhang, Y., Ge, J., Cui, Z., Liu, C., Xing, W., Zhang, J. J., Lin, H., & Na, H. (2009) · International Journal of Hydrogen Energy · doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2009.12.006 · Cited by 11

Sulfonated mesoporous benzene-silica-embedded sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone) membranes for enhanced proton conduction and anti-dehydration

Park, J., & Kim, D. (2013) · International Journal of Hydrogen Energy · doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2013.10.162 · Cited by 29

Study of Novel Self-humidifying Membrane Based on Sulfonated Poly(Ether Ether Ketone)Hybrid with Functional Supported Catalyst

张瑜, & 张华民 (2008) · Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, CAS Institutional Repository

Membranes and MEAs Based on Sulfonated Poly(ether ketone ketone) and Heteropolyacids for Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells

Ramani, V., Swier, S., Shaw, M. T., Weiss, R. A., Kunz, H. R., & Fenton, J. M. (2008) · Journal of The Electrochemical Society · doi:10.1149/1.2898171 · Cited by 39