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The epidemiology of eating disorders in six European countries: results of the ESEMeD-WMH project.
Open accessAbstract
Few data are available to estimate the prevalence of eating disorders (EDs) and their correlates in the community. This paper reports data on EDs obtained in the framework of the ESEMeD project, aimed at investigating the prevalence of non-psychotic mental disorders in six European countries (Belgium, France, Germany, Italy, the Netherlands and Spain), using a new version of the Composite International Diagnostic Interview. The ESEMeD study was a general population cross-sectional household survey. In total, 21,425 respondents aged 18 or older provided data for the project between January 2001 and August 2003. A subsample (N=4139) underwent a detailed investigation on EDs. Lifetime estimated prevalence of anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, binge eating disorder, sub-threshold binge eating disorder, and any binge eating were 0.48%, 0.51%, 1.12%, 0.72%, and 2.15%, respectively, and they were 3-8 times higher among women for all EDs. However, since people under 18 were excluded from this study, our prevalence should be taken as lower-bound estimate of real frequencies. Indeed, cumulative lifetime prevalence analysis showed that the majority of eating disorders had their initial onset between 10 and 20 years of age. Role impairment and comorbidity with other mental disorders were highly common, yet only small proportions of patients with a lifetime diagnosis of EDs requested medical treatment. It still has to be proven whether early diagnostic identification and access to specialized care can reduce the burden caused by these disorders.
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“The observed prevalence estimates were generally similar to those of previous studies,1–8,22,23 and salient differences in sociodemographic and clinical correlates were observed between eating disorder subtypes.”
From Prevalence and Correlates of Eating Disorders in Adolescents: Results From the National Comorbidity Survey Replication Adolescent Supplement (2011) · cites this paper as [1]
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“The discrepancy between the lack of substantial comorbidity among adolescents in the current study48 and the high rates of comorbidity associated with AN among adults1,2 suggests that comorbid disorders may be a consequence of AN in youths.”
From Prevalence and Correlates of Eating Disorders in Adolescents: Results From the National Comorbidity Survey Replication Adolescent Supplement (2011) · cites this paper as [1]
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“However, the use of this same instrument in 2 large adult population-based investigations permitted direct comparisons across studies.1,2”
From Prevalence and Correlates of Eating Disorders in Adolescents: Results From the National Comorbidity Survey Replication Adolescent Supplement (2011) · cites this paper as [1]
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The ESEMeD/MHEDEA 2000 Investigators, Alonso, J., Angermeyer, M. C., Bernert, S., Bruffaerts, R., Brugha, T. S., Bryson, H., de Girolamo, G., de Graaf, R., Demyttenaere, K., et al. (2004) · Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica · doi:10.1111/j.1600-0047.2004.00327.x · Cited by 1,825
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The size and burden of mental disorders and other disorders of the brain in Europe 2010
Wittchen, H. U., Jacobi, F., Rehm, J., Gustavsson, A., Svensson, M., Jönsson, B., Olesen, J., Allgulander, C., Alonso, J., Faravelli, C., et al. (2011) · European Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.euroneuro.2011.07.018 · Cited by 3,754
Self-citationArcelus, J., Mitchell, A. J., Wales, J., & Nielsen, S. (2011) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2011.74 · Cited by 2,864
Epidemiology of Eating Disorders: Incidence, Prevalence and Mortality Rates
Smink, F. R. E., van Hoeken, D., & Hoek, H. W. (2012) · Current Psychiatry Reports · doi:10.1007/s11920-012-0282-y · Cited by 1,978
Prevalence of eating disorders over the 2000–2018 period: a systematic literature review
Galmiche, M., Déchelotte, P., Lambert, G., & Tavolacci, M. P. (2019) · The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1093/ajcn/nqy342 · Cited by 1,712
Swanson, S. A., Crow, S. J., Le Grange, D., Swendsen, J., & Merikangas, K. R. (2011) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2011.22 · Cited by 1,611
Metadata
- Authors
- Preti, A., Girolamo, G. D., Vilagut, G., Alonso, J., Graaf, R. D., Bruffaerts, R., Demyttenaere, K., Pinto-Meza, A., Haro, J. M., & Morosini, P.
- Affiliations
- University of Cagliari (IT)
- Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli (IT)
- Municipal Institute for Medical Research (ES)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (ES)
- Istituto Superiore di Sanità (IT)
- ORCID
- Venue
- Journal of Psychiatric Research
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2009-09
- Volume
- 43
- Issue
- 14
- Pages
- 1125-1132
- ISSN
- 0022-3956 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2125345977
- Cited by
- 456
- References
- 73
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 22 · 2023: 14 · 2022: 32 · 2021: 24 · 2020: 28 · 2019: 28 · 2018: 30 · 2017: 36 · 2016: 34 · 2015: 49 · 2014: 35 · 2013: 36 · 2012: 38
- FWCI
- 25.07
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- hdl.handle.net
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of Psychiatric Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Institutional Research Information System University of Turin (University of Turin) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Lirias (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- UNICA IRIS Institutional Research Information System (University of Cagliari) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- GlaxoSmithKline
- World Health Organization
- European Commission (QLG5–1999-01042, SANCO2004123, 2004123)
- Generalitat de Catalunya (01042)
- Ministerio de Ciencia y Tecnología (SAF 2000 158-CE)
- Regione Piemonte (00/0028)
- Instituto de Salud Carlos III (FIS 00/0028)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Eating Disorders and Behaviors
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Nutrition, Health and Food Behavior
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Child Nutrition and Feeding Issues
- Keywords
- eating disorders, anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, binge eating disorder, lifetime prevalence, sex differences, age of onset, role impairment, comorbidities, help-seeking
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Age Factors, Aged, Feeding and Eating Disorders, Mental Disorders, Cross-Sectional Studies, Disability Evaluation, Europe, Female, Health Surveys, Humans, International Cooperation, Male, Middle Aged, Retrospective Studies, Cohort Studies, Prevalence, Age of Onset, Young Adult
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