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Cited by 132Psychosomatic Disorders and Their TreatmentsFibromyalgia and Chronic Fatigue Syndrome ResearchMedicine, History, and Philosophy

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 30 of the 30 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Physical symptom disorder: A simpler diagnostic category for somatization-spectrum conditions

Kroenke, Kurt·2006·Journal of Psychosomatic Research
DOI 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2006.01.022
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Abstract

Objective To propose a simpler, more empiric, and patient-centered category for classifying physical symptoms that are "etiologically neutral," that is, not reliant on the assumption that symptoms that is poorly explained from a medical standpoint must de facto be psychological in origin.Methods Theoretical analysis, narrative review, and proposal.Results Studies have revealed several limitations in the current classification of somatoform disorders, including the poor reliability of lifetime symptom recall, the difficulty in adjudicating physical versus psychological explanations, and the stigma in assigning patients with medically unexplained symptoms to an Axis I psychiatric disorder. Physical symptom disorder (PSD) is proposed as a diagnostic category that would reside on Axis III (rather than Axis I) and replace somatization disorder, undifferentiated somatoform disorder, and pain disorder. PSD would consist of one or more physical symptoms currently present, not fully explainable by another medical or psychiatric disorder (with the exception of functional somatic syndromes), causing functional impairment. Duration must be at least 6 months, and severity could be graded as mild, moderate, or severe using a 15-symptom checklist (PHQ-15). Finally, the type of symptoms or symptom syndromes present in the patient could be specified.Conclusions PSD should be considered as a simpler and more inclusive diagnosis to replace several somatoform diagnoses currently in use.

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Metadata

Authors
Kroenke, K.
Affiliations
Regenstrief Institute (US)
Corresponding author
Kroenke, Kurt
ORCID
Kroenke, Kurt
Venue
Journal of Psychosomatic Research
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2006-04
Volume
60
Issue
4
Pages
335-339
ISSN
0022-3999 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1016/j.jpsychores.2006.01.022
OpenAlex
W2051975061
Cited by
132
References
30
Citations by year
2026: 1 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 8
FWCI
10.19
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations
  • Journal of Psychosomatic Research (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Psychosomatic Disorders and Their Treatments
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Fibromyalgia and Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Research
  • Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › History and Philosophy of Science › Medicine, History, and Philosophy
Keywords
somatization, somatoform disorders, diagnostic classification, medically unexplained symptoms, somatization disorder, undifferentiated somatoform disorder, pain disorders, PHQ-15, functional disability, stigma
MeSH terms
Affective Symptoms, Terminology as Topic, Somatoform Disorders, World Health Organization, Reproducibility of Results, Prevalence

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