The impact of childhood trauma on depression: Does resilience matter? Population-based results from the Study of Health in Pomerania
Abstract
Objective Data suggests that traumatic experiences at early age contribute to the onset of major depressive disorder (MDD) in later life. This study aims at investigating the influence of dispositional resilience on this relationship. Methods Two thousand and forty-six subjects aged 29-89 (SD=13.9) from a community based sample who were free of MDD during the last 12 months prior to data collection were diagnosed for Lifetime diagnosis of MDD by the Munich-Composite International Diagnostic Interview (M-CIDI) according to DSM-IV criteria. Childhood maltreatment (CM) and resilience were assessed with the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ) and the Resilience-Scale (RS-25). Results Both CM (OR=1.03, 95% CI [1.02, 1.04], P Conclusions The findings support the clinical assumption that resilient subjects may be partly protected against the detrimental long-term effects of child abuse and neglect.
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Resilience is negatively correlated with anxiety and depression, suggesting it may protect against these conditions by buffering risk factors.
“Research shows resilience is negatively correlated with anxiety and depression,, suggesting it may protect against these conditions by buffering risk factors [37–43].”
From The prospective association of adolescent loneliness and low resilience with anxiety and depression in young adulthood: The HUNT study (2025) · cites this paper as [43]
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References 56 · Cited by 112
- Authors
- Schulz, A., Becker, M., Van der Auwera, S., Barnow, S., Appel, K., Mahler, J., Schmidt, C. O., John, U., Freyberger, H. J., & Grabe, H. J.
- Affiliations
- Universitätsmedizin Greifswald (DE)
- Heidelberg University (DE)
- Corresponding author
- Schulz, Andrea
- Venue
- Journal of Psychosomatic Research
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2014-08
- Volume
- 77
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 97-103
- ISSN
- 0022-3999 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2111604020
- Cited by
- 112
- References
- 56
- Citations by year
- 2026: 8 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 13 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 14 · 2020: 12 · 2019: 14 · 2018: 9 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 1 · 2014: 2
- FWCI
- 5.51
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Psychosomatic Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- German Research Foundation (GR 1912/5-1)
- Federal Ministry of Education and Research (01ZZ9603, 01ZZ0103, 01ZZ0403, 03IS2061A)
- Ministry of Cultural Affairs
- Social Ministry of the Federal State of Mecklenburg-West Pomerania
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child Abuse and Trauma
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Resilience and Mental Health
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
- Keywords
- childhood trauma, child abuse, major depressive disorder, dispositional resilience, child neglect, protective factors, geriatric depression, Study of Health in Pomerania
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Child, Child Abuse, Depression, Major Depressive Disorder, Female, Germany, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Surveys and Questionnaires, Wounds and Injuries, Odds Ratio, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Resilience, Psychological
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