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Why people use digital payments: Evidence from micro data in Peru
Open accessAbstract
Financial inclusion and digital payment use remain low in Peru. There is extensive literature on the determinants of deposit account access as a measure of financial inclusion, but few studies focus on digital payment use, and none addresses the Peru case at the micro level. This paper uses data from Peru's 2015–2018 National Household Surveys (ENAHO) on the ownership of deposit accounts and payment cards at the individual level and on the use of payment instruments (i.e., cash, credit cards, debit cards, mobile/Internet banking, etc.) for purchasing nine different product categories. Our results show that use of digital payments (e.g., credit card, debit card, or mobile/internet banking) is more likely among people between ages 25–40, with higher education levels, formal employment, and those living in urban areas or with Internet access. In addition, the likelihood of paying with digital instruments increases for people in the top quintiles of per capita household spending and those living in areas with a high presence of financial institutions. Furthermore, we extend the analysis of the determinants for using digital payments across product category and over time (2015–2018). Finally, our work may contribute to understanding the consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic and designing policies related to financial inclusion and digital payment use.
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“In the Peruvian case, Aurazo and Vega (2021) identified a higher probability of making payments with digital instruments for users located in the upper quintiles of per-capital household expenditure and those who live in urban areas with a high presence of financial institutions, concluding that higher-income users present greater use of digital payments.”
From Digital Payments Trust in Latin America and the Caribbean (2025) · cites this paper as Aurazo and Vega, 2021
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Cited by
Sorted by citations
Digital Payments Trust in Latin America and the Caribbean
Rubio, J., & Tulcanaza-Prieto, A. B. (2025) · Economies · doi:10.3390/economies13050140 · Cited by 6
Metadata
- Authors
- Aurazo, J., & Vega, M.
- ORCID
- Vega, Milton
- Venue
- Latin American Journal of Central Banking
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2021-12
- Volume
- 2
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 100044
- ISSN
- 2666-1438 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W3209191234
- Cited by
- 51
- References
- 33
- Citations by year
- 2026: 15 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 17 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 3
- FWCI
- 5.16
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Update notices
- erratum (2023-03-01)
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Latin American Journal of Central Banking (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Econstor (Econstor) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Economics, Econometrics and Finance › Economics and Econometrics › Microfinance and Financial Inclusion
- Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Management Information Systems › FinTech, Crowdfunding, Digital Finance
- Social Sciences › Economics, Econometrics and Finance › General Economics, Econometrics and Finance › Digital Transformation in Financial Services
- Keywords
- digital payments, financial inclusion, payment cards, mobile banking, internet banking, credit cards, debit cards, cash usage, household expenditure, financial institutions, urban-rural differences, age and education, formal employment, internet access, COVID-19 pandemic, Peru
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