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Cited by 203Vector-borne infectious diseasesBartonella species infections researchViral Infections and Vectors

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Rickettsioses in Europe

Portillo, Aránzazu, Santibáñez, Sonia, García-Álvarez, Lara, Palomar, Ana M., Oteo, José A.·2015·Microbes and Infection
DOI 10.1016/j.micinf.2015.09.009
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Abstract

Bacteria of the genera Rickettsia and Orientia (family rickettsiaceae, order rickettsiales) cause rickettsioses worldwide, and are transmitted by lice, fleas, ticks and mites. In Europe, only Rickettsia spp. cause rickettsioses. With improvement of hygiene, the risk of louse-borne rickettsiosis (epidemic typhus) is low in Europe. Nevertheless, recrudescent form of Rickettsia prowazekii infection persists. There could be an epidemic typhus outbreak if a body lice epidemic occurs under unfavorable sanitary conditions. In Europe, endemic typhus or Rickettsia typhi infection, transmitted by rats and fleas, causes febrile illness. At the beginning of this century, flea-borne spotted fever cases caused by Rickettsia felis were diagnosed. Flea-borne rickettsiosis should be suspected after flea bites if fever, with or without rash, is developed. Tick-borne rickettsioses are the main source of rickettsia infections in Europe. Apart from Rickettsia conorii, the Mediterranean Spotted Fever (MSF) agent, other Rickettsia spp. cause MSF-like: Rickettsia helvetica, Rickettsia monacensis, Rickettsia massiliae or Rickettsia aeschlimannii. In the 1990s, two 'new' rickettsioses were diagnosed: Lymphangitis Associated Rickettsiosis (LAR) caused by Rickettsia sibirica mongolitimonae, and Tick-Borne Lymphadenopathy/Dermacentor-Borne-Necrosis-Erythema-Lymphadenopathy/Scalp Eschar Neck Lymphadenopathy (TIBOLA/DEBONEL/SENLAT), caused by Rickettsia slovaca, Candidatus Rickettsia rioja and Rickettsia raoultii. Lastly, European reports about mite-borne rickettsiosis are scarce.

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  • R. raoultii is a newly recognized emerging disease, as its incidence has been increasing in Europe during the last decade.

    “It is a newly recognized emerging disease, as its incidence has been increasing in Europe during the last decade [28].”

    From Tick-borne pathogens in ticks collected from dogs, Latvia, 2011–2016 (2019) · cites this paper as [28]

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Metadata

Authors
Portillo, A., Santibáñez, S., García-Álvarez, L., Palomar, A. M., & Oteo, J. A.
Affiliations
Hospital San Pedro (ES)
Corresponding author
Oteo, José A.
ORCID
Venue
Microbes and Infection
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2015-11
Volume
17
Issue
11-12
Pages
834-838
ISSN
1286-4579 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1016/j.micinf.2015.09.009
OpenAlex
W1663018073
Cited by
203
References
0
Citations by year
2026: 17 · 2025: 22 · 2024: 25 · 2023: 17 · 2022: 26 · 2021: 16 · 2020: 21 · 2019: 19 · 2018: 14 · 2017: 13 · 2016: 12 · 2015: 1
FWCI
1.66
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations
  • Microbes and Infection (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Parasitology › Vector-borne infectious diseases
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › Bartonella species infections research
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › Viral Infections and Vectors
Keywords
rickettsial infection, Rickettsia, Orientia, epidemic typhus, Rickettsia prowazekii, murine typhus, Rickettsia typhi, Rickettsia felis, tick-borne rickettsiosis, Mediterranean spotted fever, Rickettsia conorii, Rickettsia helvetica, Rickettsia massiliae, vector-borne transmission, Europe
MeSH terms
Animals, Arthropods, Europe, Humans, Rickettsia, Rickettsia Infections, Orientia tsutsugamushi, Scrub Typhus

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