Preparation and In Vitro evaluation of PLA/biphasic calcium phosphate filaments used for fused deposition modelling of scaffolds
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Ceramic materials such as calcium phosphates (CaPs) with a composition similar to the mineral phase of bones and polymeric polylactic acid (PLA) are potential candidates for the manufacturing of scaffolds to act as bone substitutes and for tissue engineering applications, due to their bioresorbability and biocompatibility. Variables such as porosity, topography, morphology, and mechanical properties play an essential role in the scaffolds response. In this paper, a polymer/ceramic composite filament of 1.7 mm in diameter based on PLA and biphasic calcium phosphates (BCPs) was obtained by hot-melt extrusion in a single screw extruder. The particles of BCP were obtained by solution-combustion synthesis, and the PLA used was commercial grade. The BCPs ceramics were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopic (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and Brunauer, Emmett, and Teller (BET). It was possible to confirm that the main inorganic phases were hydroxyapatite (HAP) and tricalcium phosphate (TCP) with grain sizes below 100 nm and with high porosity. The Filaments obtained are a bit fragile but were able to be used in fused deposition modelling (FDM) using low-cost commercial printers. The filaments were characterized by SEM and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX). The in-vitro tests of filaments showed deposition of apatite phases on their surface, non-cytotoxic behavior, adequate cell proliferation and cell adhesion.
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One advantage of combining PLA with bioceramics is the possibility of additive manufacturing, enabling a high degree of personalization.
“One advantage of combining PLA with bioceramics is the possibility of additive manufacturing, enabling a high degree of personalization [169,188,189,190,191,192].”
From Resorbable Biomaterials Used for 3D Scaffolds in Tissue Engineering: A Review (2023) · cites this paper as [169]
PLA blending with biocompatible ceramics can result in increased hydrophilicity of 3D printed scaffolds, which provides a better environment for cell adhesion and subsequent migration.
“PLA blending with biocompatible ceramics (via composite fiber or ceramic coating on polymer scaffolds) can result in increased hydrophilicity of 3D printed scaffolds, which provides a better environment for cell adhesion and subsequent migration [169].”
From Resorbable Biomaterials Used for 3D Scaffolds in Tissue Engineering: A Review (2023) · cites this paper as [169]
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Zhang, H., Mao, X., Du, Z., Jiang, W., Han, X., Zhao, D., Han, D., & Li, Q. (2016) · Science and Technology of Advanced Materials · doi:10.1080/14686996.2016.1145532 · Cited by 208 · see citing works
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Resorbable Biomaterials Used for 3D Scaffolds in Tissue Engineering: A Review
Vach Agocsova, S., Culenova, M., Birova, I., Omanikova, L., Moncmanova, B., Danisovic, L., Ziaran, S., Bakos, D., & Alexy, P. (2023) · Materials · doi:10.3390/ma16124267 · Cited by 98 · see citing works
- Authors
- Nevado, P., Lopera, A., Bezzon, V., Fulla, M. R., Palacio, J., Zaghete, M. A., Biasotto, G., Montoya, A., Rivera, J., Robledo, S. M., Estupiñan, H., Paucar, C., & Garcia, C.
- Affiliations
- Universidad Nacional de Colombia (CO)
- Universidade Federal do ABC (BR)
- Institución Universitaria Pascual Bravo (CO)
- Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp) (BR)
- Universidad de Antioquia (CO)
- Venue
- Materials Science and Engineering: C
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2020-09
- Volume
- 114
- Pages
- 111013
- ISSN
- 0928-4931 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W3023275398
- Cited by
- 71
- References
- 1
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 27 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 8
- FWCI
- 3.39
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- hdl.handle.net
- Licence
- Locations
- Materials Science and Engineering C (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- LA Referencia (Red Federada de Repositorios Institucionales de Publicaciones Científicas) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Funders
- COLCIENCIAS
- FAPESP
- Banco de la Republica (4.248)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Bone Tissue Engineering Materials
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Automotive Engineering › Additive Manufacturing and 3D Printing Technologies
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › 3D Printing in Biomedical Research
- Keywords
- polylactic acid, biphasic calcium phosphate, fused deposition modeling, bone substitutes, tissue engineering scaffolds, melt extrusion, solution combustion synthesis, hydroxyapatite, tricalcium phosphate, apatite formation, cytotoxicity, cell proliferation, cell adhesion, porosity
- MeSH terms
- Calcium Phosphates, Ceramics, Hydroxyapatites, Materials Testing, Polyesters, Porosity, Durapatite, Tissue Engineering, Tissue Scaffolds
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