Aseptic Meningitis and Viral Myelitis
Open accessAbstract
Meningitis and myelitis represent common and very infrequent viral infections of the central nervous system, respectively. The number of cases of viral meningitis that occurs annually exceeds the total number of meningitis cases caused by all other etiologies combined. Focal central nervous system infections, such as occur in the spinal cord with viral myelitis, are much less common and may be confused with noninfectious disorders that cause acute flaccid paralysis. This article reviews some of the important clinical features, epidemiology, diagnostic approaches, and management strategies for patients with aseptic meningitis and viral myelitis. Particular focus is placed on the diseases caused by enteroviruses, which as a group account for most aseptic meningitis cases and many focal infections of the spinal cord.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Most viral meningitis cases go undetected, and fatal cases manifest as severe encephalitic syndrome rather than meningitis.
“Moreover, it is made harder by the fact that most viral meningitis cases go undetected, and fatal cases manifest as severe encephalitic syndrome rather than meningitis [29].”
From Viral meningitis: an overview (2021) · cites this paper as [29]
The Clinical Features section (page not supplied) reports that some viral infections with a more encephalitic presentation have adverse outcomes, while aseptic meningitis is typically self-limited. It does not establish that fatal cases generally present as severe encephalitis, or that most viral meningitis cases go undetected. (LLM, conf=0.83)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredFor arboviruses, viral entry can occur through skin bites from infected arthropods, resulting in regional lymph node infection, viremia, and spread to the central nervous system, leading to meningitis.
“In the case of the arboviruses, viral entry can occur through skin bites from infected arthropods, which results in regional lymph node infection, viremia, and spread to the CNS, leading to meningitis [29].”
From Viral meningitis: an overview (2021) · cites this paper as [29]
Difficulty focusing or concentrating and double vision can be associated with meningitis and may continue after recovery.
“In addition, difficulty in focusing or concentrating as well as double vision can also be associated with meningitis and may continue after recovery [29].”
From Viral meningitis: an overview (2021) · cites this paper as [29]
The Aseptic Meningitis Clinical Features section says that symptoms in adults with enteroviral meningitis may persist for several weeks. It does not identify difficulty concentrating or double vision, or say that either continues after recovery. Searches for focusing, concentration, double vision, and diplopia found no passage addressing those symptoms. (LLM, conf=0.73)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
The citation lists haven’t been fetched yet
References 81 · Cited by 139
Research works printed but not linked: 7
- [29]Peters CJ Buchmeier M Rollin PE Ksiazek TG Fields BN Knipe DM Howley PM Arenaviruses Fields Virology 1996 third edition New York Lippincott-Raven Press 1521 1551
- [30]Monath TP Heinz FX Fields BN Knipe DM Howley PM Flaviviruses Fields Virology 1996 third edition New York Lippincott-Raven Press 961 1034
- [31]Wolinsky JS Fields BN Knipe DM Howley PM Mumps Virus Fields Virology 1996 third edition New York Lippincott-Raven Press 1243 1266
- [32]Roizman B Fields BN Knipe DM Howley PM Herpesviridae Fields Virology 1996 third edition New York Lippincott-Raven Press 2221 2230
- [36]Rassmussen AF Jr The laboratory diagnosis of lymphocytic choriomeningitis and mumps Presented at the Rocky Mountain Conference on Poliomyelitis December 16, 1946 Denver, CO
- [45]Deibel R Flanagan TD Central nervous system infections: etiologic and epidemiologic observations in New York State, 1976–1977 N Y State J Med 1979 79 689 695 286166
- [46]Flanagan TD Deibel R Central nervous system infections: etiologic and epidemiologic observations in New York State, 1978–1979 N Y State J Med 1981 81 346 353 6943444
- Authors
- Irani, D. N.
- Affiliations
- University of Michigan (US)
- Corresponding author
- Irani, David N.
- ORCID
- Irani, David N.
- Venue
- Neurologic Clinics
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2008-08
- Volume
- 26
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 635-655
- ISSN
- 0733-8619 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC2728900
- OpenAlex
- W2005145162
- Cited by
- 139
- References
- 81
- Citations by year
- 2025: 4 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 13 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 13 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 11
- FWCI
- 0.96
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Neurologic Clinics (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (AI057505, R01AI057505)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Viral Infections and Immunology Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › Infectious Encephalopathies and Encephalitis
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Virology and Viral Diseases
- Keywords
- aseptic meningitis, viral myelitis, enterovirus, viral infections of the central nervous system, acute flaccid paralysis, spinal cord infection, diagnosis, clinical features
- MeSH terms
- Diagnosis, Differential, Herpesviridae Infections, Humans, Meningitis, Aseptic, Mumps, Myelitis, RNA, Viral, Incidence, Prevalence, Immunoglobulins, Intravenous
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
