Cited by 386Speech Recognition and SynthesisSpeech and Audio ProcessingSpeech and dialogue systems

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Speaker recognition based on deep learning: An overview

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Bai, Zhongxin, Zhang, Xiao-Lei·2021·Neural Networks

DOI 10.1016/j.neunet.2021.03.004

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Abstract

Speaker recognition is a task of identifying persons from their voices. Recently, deep learning has dramatically revolutionized speaker recognition. However, there is lack of comprehensive reviews on the exciting progress. In this paper, we review several major subtasks of speaker recognition, including speaker verification, identification, diarization, and robust speaker recognition, with a focus on deep-learning-based methods. Because the major advantage of deep learning over conventional methods is its representation ability, which is able to produce highly abstract embedding features from utterances, we first pay close attention to deep-learning-based speaker feature extraction, including the inputs, network structures, temporal pooling strategies, and objective functions respectively, which are the fundamental components of many speaker recognition subtasks. Then, we make an overview of speaker diarization, with an emphasis of recent supervised, end-to-end, and online diarization. Finally, we survey robust speaker recognition from the perspectives of domain adaptation and speech enhancement, which are two major approaches of dealing with domain mismatch and noise problems. Popular and recently released corpora are listed at the end of the paper.

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Authors: Bai, Z., & Zhang, X.-L.
Affiliations: Northwestern Polytechnical University (CN)
Corresponding author: Zhang, Xiao-Lei
ORCID: Bai, Zhongxin
Zhang, Xiao-Lei
Venue: Neural Networks
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2021-08
Volume: 140
Pages: 65-99
ISSN: 0893-6080 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/j.neunet.2021.03.004
OpenAlex: W3137249133
Cited by: 386
References: 329
Citations by year: 2026: 27 · 2025: 73 · 2024: 105 · 2023: 93 · 2022: 62 · 2021: 26
FWCI: 25.27
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
arxiv.org
Licence: public-domain
www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
www.elsevier.com/legal/tdmrep-license (tdm)
doi.org/10.15223/policy-017 (stm-asf)
doi.org/10.15223/policy-037 (stm-asf)
doi.org/10.15223/policy-012 (stm-asf)
doi.org/10.15223/policy-029 (stm-asf)
doi.org/10.15223/policy-004 (stm-asf)
Locations: Neural Networks (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
arXiv (Cornell University) (submittedVersion, public-domain)
arXiv (Cornell University)
Topics: Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Artificial Intelligence › Speech Recognition and Synthesis
Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Signal Processing › Speech and Audio Processing
Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Artificial Intelligence › Speech and dialogue systems
Keywords: speaker recognition, speaker verification, speaker identification, speaker diarization, robust speaker recognition, deep learning, speaker embedding, temporal pooling, domain adaptation, speech enhancement, domain mismatch, noise robustness, speech corpus
MeSH terms: Deep Learning, Noise, Speech Recognition Software

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