Olfactory ensheathing cells as putative host cells for Streptococcus pneumoniae: Evidence of bacterial invasion via mannose receptor-mediated endocytosis
Open accessAbstract
Olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs) are a special glia that ensheath olfactory receptor axons that enter the brain via olfactory phila, thus, providing a potential route for access of pathogens. Streptococcus pneumoniae (Sp), that has a capsule rich in mannosyl residues, is the most common cause of rhinosinusitis that may evolve to meningitis. We have tested whether OECs in vitro express the mannose receptor (MR), and could internalize Sp via MR. Cultures were infected by a suspension of Sp (ATCC 49619), recognized by an anti-Sp antibody, in a 100:1 bacteria:cells ratio. Competition assays, by means of mannan, showed around a 15-fold reduction in the number of internalized bacteria. To verify whether MR could be involved in Sp uptake, OECs were reacted with an antibody against the MR C-terminal peptide (anti-cMR) and bacteria were visualized with Sytox Green. Selective cMR-immunoreaction was seen in perinuclear compartments containing bacteria whereas mannan-treated cultures showed an extremely low percentage of internalized bacteria and only occasional adhered bacteria. Our data suggest the involvement of MR in adhesion of bacteria to OEC surface, and in their internalization. Data are also coherent with a role of OECs as a host cell prior to (and during) bacterial invasion of the brain.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The capacity to infect and survive inside glial cells is thought to be a key mechanism for the ability of bacteria to invade the CNS via cranial nerves.
“The capacity to infect and survive inside glial cells is thought to be a key mechanism for the ability of bacteria to invade the CNS via cranial nerves34,35.”
From Chlamydia pneumoniae can infect the central nervous system via the olfactory and trigeminal nerves and contributes to Alzheimer’s disease risk (2022) · cites this paper as [34]
The Discussion (page unavailable) proposes that olfactory ensheathing cells harboring Streptococcus pneumoniae could provide a route into the CNS, and the Methods describe recovering colony-forming bacteria from lysed host cells after infection. This supports the proposed mechanism for pneumococci via the olfactory route, but the paper does not establish it as a key mechanism for bacteria generally or for invasion via cranial nerves broadly. (LLM, conf=0.82)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredOne key mechanism is thought to be the ability of certain pathogens to infect and survive in OECs, TgSCs and astrocytes, as well as in microglia.
“Whilst it is largely unknown why certain infectious agents can infect the CNS via cranial nerves, one key mechanism is thought to be the ability of these pathogens to infect and survive in OECs, TgSCs and astrocytes, as well as in microglia (the main phagocytes inside CNS tissue)20,27,28,34,35.”
From Chlamydia pneumoniae can infect the central nervous system via the olfactory and trigeminal nerves and contributes to Alzheimer’s disease risk (2022) · cites this paper as [34]
Section 3.3 reports that Streptococcus pneumoniae entered cultured OECs, and the Discussion proposes that OECs could carry bacteria along an olfactory route into the CNS. The paper does not establish pathogen survival inside OECs; it also does not test infection or survival in TgSCs, astrocytes, or microglia. Page numbers are unavailable in our copy. (LLM, conf=0.85)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
No references could be resolved yet.
Research works printed but not linked: 2
- Fiete, D.J., Beranek, M.C., Baenziger, J.U., 1998. A cysteine-rich domain of the 'man- nose' receptor mediates GalNAc-4-SO4 binding. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 95, 2089-2093.
- van Ginkel, F.W., McGhee, J.R., Watt, J.W., Campos-Torres, A., Parish, L.A., Briles, D.E., 2003. Pneumococcal carriage results in ganglioside mediated olfactory tissue infection. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 100, 14363-14367.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Dileepan, T., Smith, E. D., Knowland, D., Hsu, M., Platt, M., Bittner-Eddy, P., Cohen, B., Southern, P., Latimer, E., Harley, E., et al. (2015) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci80792 · Cited by 128 · see citing works
Chacko, A., Delbaz, A., Walkden, H., Basu, S., Armitage, C. W., Eindorf, T., Trim, L. K., Miller, E., West, N. P., St John, J. A., et al. (2022) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-022-06749-9 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
- Authors
- Macedo-Ramos, H., Campos, F. S. O., Carvalho, L. A., Ramos, I. B., Teixeira, L. M., De Souza, W., Cavalcante, L. A., & Baetas-da-Cruz, W.
- Affiliations
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (BR)
- Corresponding author
- Cavalcante, Leny A.
- Venue
- Neuroscience Research
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2011-04
- Volume
- 69
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 308-313
- ISSN
- 0168-0102 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2010793784
- Cited by
- 41
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2024: 1 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 4
- FWCI
- 1.91
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Neuroscience Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico
- Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Microbiology › Bacterial Infections and Vaccines
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Cellular transport and secretion
- Keywords
- olfactory ensheathing cells, Streptococcus pneumoniae, CD206, endocytosis, bacterial internalization, bacterial adhesion, mannan, sinusitis, meningitis, olfactory pathway, host cells, neuroinvasion
- MeSH terms
- Mannose Receptor, Animals, Bacterial Adhesion, Endocytosis, Host-Parasite Interactions, Immunohistochemistry, Neuroglia, Pneumococcal Infections, Receptors, Cell Surface, Rhinitis, Sinusitis, Immunoblotting, Rats, Wistar, Lectins, C-Type, Mannose-Binding Lectins, Rats
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
